Study on the Relevance of Metabolic Syndrome and Incidence of Gastric Cancer in Korea

Yoo, Hai-Won; Kim, Hyeong-Su; Lee, Jung-Hyun; Lee, Kun Sei; Choi, Min‐Jung; Song, Hye-Ry; Cho, Jung-Hee; Kim, Jin-Hyeong

doi:10.3390/ijerph16071101

Cited by 15 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…As to why MAO, but not MHO, was associated with a higher risk of incident gastric cancer, there were several possible explanations. It has been reported that metabolic syndrome is associated with gastric cancer [16][17][18][19]. In this study, we showed that the presence of metabolic abnormalities, especially impaired fasting plasma glucose and/or diabetes and hypertension, were associated with gastric cancer, which was same as previous studies [33,34].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…In addition, another study revealed that the risk of obesity-related cancer in MHO was lower than that in MAO [32]. In fact, previous studies revealed the association between metabolic syndrome and incidence of gastric cancer [16][17][18][19]. As to why MAO, but not MHO, was associated with a higher risk of incident gastric cancer, there were several possible explanations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These studies did not consider the presence of metabolic abnormalities. In contrast, there is an association between metabolic syndrome and incidence of gastric cancer [16][17][18][19]. Thus, we thought that not obesity itself, but the presence of metabolic abnormalities, which often accompany with obesity, have an important meaning for gastric cancer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Impact of metabolically healthy obesity on the risk of incident gastric cancer: a population-based cohort study

et al. 2020

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Background: The risk of colon or breast cancer in metabolically healthy obese (MHO) were lower than that in metabolically abnormal obese (MAO). We hypothesized that the risk of incident gastric cancer in MHO is lower than that in MAO.Methods: This historical cohort study included 19,685 Japanese individuals who received health-checkup programs from 2003 to 2016. Each subject was classified as metabolically healthy (MH) (no metabolic abnormalities) or metabolically abnormal (MA) (one or more metabolic abnormalities), according to four metabolic factors (hypertension, impaired fasting glucose, hypertriglyceridemia and low HDL-cholesterol). Obese (O) or non-obese (NO) was classified by a BMI cutoff of 25.0 kg/m 2 . Hazard ratios of metabolic phenotypes for incident gastric cancer were calculated by the Cox proportional hazard model with adjustments for age, sex, alcohol consumption, smoking and exercise. Results: Over the median follow-up period of 5.5 (2.9-9.4) years, incident rate of gastric cancer was 0.65 per 1000 persons-years. Incident rate of MHNO, MHO, MANO and MAO were 0.33, 0.25, 0.80 and 1.21 per 1000 persons-years, respectively. Compared with MHNO, the adjusted hazard ratios for development of gastric cancer were 0.69 (95% CI 0.04-3.39, p = 0.723) in MHO, 1.16 (95% CI 0.63-2.12, p = 0.636) in MANO and 2.09 (95% CI 1.10-3.97, p = 0.024) in MAO.Conclusions: This study shows that individuals with MAO, but not those with MHO, had an elevated risk for incident gastric cancer. Thus, we should focus more on the presence of metabolic abnormalities rather than obesity itself for incident gastric cancer.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Impact of metabolically healthy obesity on the risk of incident gastric cancer: a population-based cohort study

et al. 2020

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“…As to why MAO, but not MHO, was associated with a higher risk of incident gastric cancer, there were several possible explanations. It has been reported that metabolic syndrome is associated with gastric cancer [16][17][18][19]33]. In this study, we showed that the presence of metabolic abnormalities, especially impaired fasting plasma glucose and/or diabetes and hypertension, were associated with gastric cancer, which was same as previous studies [34,35].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Impact of metabolically healthy obesity on the risk of incident gastric cancer: a population-based cohort study

Hashimoto

Hamaguchi²,

Obora

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Background The risk of colon or breast cancer in metabolically healthy obese (MHO) were lower than that in metabolically abnormal obese (MAO). We hypothesized that the risk of incident gastric cancer in MHO is lower than that in MAO.Methods This historical cohort study included 19,685 Japanese individuals who received health-checkup programs from 2003 to 2016. Each subject was classified as metabolically healthy (MH) (no metabolic abnormalities) or metabolically abnormal (MA) (one or more metabolic abnormalities), according to four metabolic factors (hypertension, impaired fasting glucose, hypertriglyceridemia and low HDL-cholesterol). Obese (O) or non-obese (NO) was classified by a BMI cutoff of 25.0 kg/m2. Hazard ratios of metabolic phenotypes for incident gastric cancer were calculated by the Cox proportional hazard model with adjustments for age, sex, alcohol consumption, smoking and exercise.Results Over the median follow-up period of 5.5 (2.9-9.4) years, incident rate of gastric cancer was 0.65 per 1000 persons-years. Incident rate of MHNO, MHO, MANO and MAO were 0.33, 0.25, 0.80 and 1.21 per 1000 persons-years, respectively. Compared with MHNO, the adjusted hazard ratios for development of gastric cancer were 0.69 (95%CI 0.04–3.39, p = 0.723) in MHO, 1.16 (95%CI 0.63–2.12, p = 0.636) in MANO and 2.09 (95%CI 1.10–3.97, p = 0.024) in MAO.Conclusions This study shows that individuals with MAO, but not those with MHO, had an elevated risk for incident gastric cancer. Thus, we should focus more on the presence of metabolic abnormalities rather than obesity itself for incident gastric cancer.

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Association between metabolic syndrome and its components and incident colorectal cancer in a prospective cohort study

Tran

Gunathilake

Lee

et al. 2021

Cancer

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Background Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been identified as a contributor to cancer development. However, reports concerning the association between MetS and colorectal cancer (CRC) have been inconsistent. This study investigated whether MetS, its components, and the number of components increase the risk of CRC. Methods This was a prospective cohort study of 41,837 participants recruited from August 2002 to December 2014 from the National Cancer Center in South Korea. The participants were followed until December 2017 to identify incident CRC cases. The participants underwent laboratory tests at the baseline. Additionally, a self‐administered questionnaire collected information concerning lifestyle and general characteristics at the baseline. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to calculate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to explore the association between MetS and its components and CRC risk after adjustments for confounding variables. Results In total, 128 incident CRC cases were identified during the follow‐up period. An increased CRC risk was found among participants with MetS (HR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.08‐2.44). Additionally, elevated blood pressure (HR, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.05‐2.15) and a high fasting glucose level (HR, 1.80; 95% CI, 1.23‐2.63) were associated with an elevated risk of CRC. Notably, an increased risk was identified among participants with abdominal obesity coexisting with another component of MetS. Conclusions These results suggest that MetS is a risk factor for CRC. Greater emphasis should be placed on the importance of CRC screening among individuals with abdominal obesity coexisting with another component of MetS. Lay Summary Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks as the third most common cancer type in terms of incidence. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been identified as a contributor to cancer development. However, the association between MetS and CRC remains controversial because of a lack of consistent findings in previous studies. In this study, the National Cholesterol Education Program's Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines are used for the diagnosis of MetS. MetS is found to be a predictor of CRC. Additionally, the importance of CRC screening among individuals with 2 components of MetS should be emphasized.

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Study on the Relevance of Metabolic Syndrome and Incidence of Gastric Cancer in Korea

Cited by 15 publications

References 20 publications

Impact of metabolically healthy obesity on the risk of incident gastric cancer: a population-based cohort study

Impact of metabolically healthy obesity on the risk of incident gastric cancer: a population-based cohort study

Impact of metabolically healthy obesity on the risk of incident gastric cancer: a population-based cohort study

Association between metabolic syndrome and its components and incident colorectal cancer in a prospective cohort study

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