Study on the Electrochemical Properties of Different Negative Electrode Materials for Li-Ion Capacitor

Abstract

Lithium ion capacitors (LICs) were assembled using pre-lithiated carbon anode and activated carbon (AC) cathode. The electrochemical properties of various carbon materials such as artificial graphite, soft carbon and hard carbon have been investigated for use as a negative electrode for LICs. The rate capabilities and cycle durabilities were tested up to 200C and 5000 cycles using full cell configurations within cut-off voltage range between 2 and 4V. The soft carbon and hard carbon show good rate capability of about 53-54% retention (200C/10C in full cells with activated carbon cathode) and cycle life performance of more than 88% retention after 5000 cycles at the charge/discharge rate of 10C. Soft carbon and hard carbon display excellent performance at high current densities so that it can be considered as promising material for high performance LICs.

Surface Modification with F-Doped Carbon Layer Coating on Natural Graphite Anode for Improving Interface Compatibility and Electrochemical Performance of Lithium-Ion Capacitors

“…3−5 Lithium-ion capacitors (LICs) have been recently proposed as a new type of supercapacitors that combines the advantageous features of both electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) and LIBs. 6,7 LICs generally comprise a positive electrode derived from EDLC materials (e.g., activated carbon (AC), 8 carbide-derived carbon, 9 and graphene-based 10 materials) and a negative electrode made of conventional anode materials used in LIBs (e.g., graphite, 11,12 graphene-based material, 13 hard/soft carbon, 11,14 Si, 15 Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 , 9,16 SnO 2 , 17 Ti 3 C 2 T x , 18,19 and chalcogenides 20 ) to provide high capacity, wide operating voltage, and increased energy density. 21 The most common LIC configuration involves graphite/AC, 22 The kinetics of the anode side in the LICs, which operates through intercalation−deintercalation mechanism, are typically inferior to those of the cathode side in EDLCs, which function through adsorption−desorption mechanism.…”

“…Over the past few decades, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have undergone considerable advancement and found widespread applications in electronic devices, aerospace, and electric vehicles (EVs) exerting a highly specific the energy density (200–250 Wh kg –1 ) with high working voltage and low self-discharge rates. Despite these achievements, commercial LIBs still suffer from certain limitations, including low power density (<1000 W kg –1 ) and lifespan (<1000 cycles), which require substantial improvements to enhance the efficiency of EVs. , To address these challenges, supercapacitors have emerged as promising candidates, capturing great attention as complementary energy storage options owing to their higher power density (>1000 W kg –1 ) and superior cycle performance (>10,000 cycles) compared to LIBs. − Lithium-ion capacitors (LICs) have been recently proposed as a new type of supercapacitors that combines the advantageous features of both electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) and LIBs. , LICs generally comprise a positive electrode derived from EDLC materials (e.g., activated carbon (AC), carbide-derived carbon, and graphene-based materials) and a negative electrode made of conventional anode materials used in LIBs (e.g., graphite, , graphene-based material, hard/soft carbon, , Si, Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 , , SnO 2 , Ti 3 C 2 T x , , and chalcogenides) to provide high capacity, wide operating voltage, and increased energy density . The most common LIC configuration involves graphite/AC, wherein the Li ions are charged and discharged, as represented in Scheme .…”

Design of Monolayer Porous Carbon-Embedded Hybrid-LiMnPO<SUB>4</SUB> for High Energy Density Li-Ion Capacitors

“…3 V-5 V versus Li/Li + . [16][17][18][19] The concept of LICs was first proposed by Amatucci 20 Since then LIC research has been intensified for the improvement of specific energy of hybrid capacitor using different types of Li-intercalation compounds and found significant enhancement in energy density. [21][22][23][24][25][26][27] Later, another concept was introduced with additive carbons as electrodes in conjunction with Li + nonaqueous electrolyte achieving a high voltage (>4 V) Carbon/Carbon LICs.…”