Study of the teratogenic potential of FD & C Yellow No. 5 when given in drinking-water

Reproductive Toxicology of Tartrazine (FD and C Yellow No. 5) in Swiss Albino Mice

“…These show that synthetic food colorants may affect the reproductive function. Even though in the multigenerational reproductive toxicity studies, the tartrazine seems not to affect the reproductive system since the animals were still fertile [11][12][13][14] , this present study shows that there is decrease in mating index in 2.5% treated groups. The weight offspring from all treated groups was decreased and their size was reduced only in 1 and 2.5% treated groups during the lactation period.…”

“…Previous reports on the teratogenicity/ reproduction toxicity of tartrazine suggested that there are no treatment-related effects on fertility, gestation, parturition and lactation at 5% in the diet in rats and mice [11,12] . Also, Collins et al [13] found that tartrazine produced nor toxic and teratogenic effect in rats fed by gavage (60-1000 mg kg −1 day −1 ) and Collins et al [14] reported the same effects in drinking water (0.05-0.7%) in rats. Study on reproductive and neurobehavioral toxicity of tartrazine in mice showed that at the dose of 0.45% of tartrazine in the diet produced a few adverse effects in neurobehavioral parameters during the lactation period [15] .…”

Reproductive Toxicology of Tartrazine (FD and C Yellow No. 5) in Swiss Albino Mice

“…These show that synthetic food colorants may affect the reproductive function. Even though in the multigenerational reproductive toxicity studies, the tartrazine seems not to affect the reproductive system since the animals were still fertile [11][12][13][14] , this present study shows that there is decrease in mating index in 2.5% treated groups. The weight offspring from all treated groups was decreased and their size was reduced only in 1 and 2.5% treated groups during the lactation period.…”

“…Previous reports on the teratogenicity/ reproduction toxicity of tartrazine suggested that there are no treatment-related effects on fertility, gestation, parturition and lactation at 5% in the diet in rats and mice [11,12] . Also, Collins et al [13] found that tartrazine produced nor toxic and teratogenic effect in rats fed by gavage (60-1000 mg kg −1 day −1 ) and Collins et al [14] reported the same effects in drinking water (0.05-0.7%) in rats. Study on reproductive and neurobehavioral toxicity of tartrazine in mice showed that at the dose of 0.45% of tartrazine in the diet produced a few adverse effects in neurobehavioral parameters during the lactation period [15] .…”

Developmental Toxicity Assay for Food Additive Tartrazine Using Zebrafish ( Danio rerio ) Embryo Cultures

“…7 Interestingly, administration of TTZ through gavage to gestating rats from 0 to 19 days of pregnancy at a concentration of 60, 100, 200, 400, 600, or 1,000 mg/kg body weight neither caused maternal toxicity nor was found teratogenic or lethal to embryo. 24,25 In the present study, we used a wide range of dilutions (0-100 mM) of TTZ for the exposure of developing zebrafish embryos (body mass: 80-100 mg) to determine no effect dose, safe dose, effective dose, lethal dose, and teratogenic potential of the FA. Each exposure consisted 60 developing embryos, and the experiments were repeated thrice to check the consistency of effects of TTZ.…”

“…7 Interestingly, administration of TTZ through gavage to gestating rats from 0 to 19 days of pregnancy at a concentration of 60, 100, 200, 400, 600, or 1,000 mg/kg body weight neither caused maternal toxicity nor was found teratogenic or lethal to embryo. 24,25…”

Scientific Opinion on the re-evaluation Tartrazine (E 102)

“…No dose-related changes were seen in maternal clinical findings, number and type of implantations, fetal viability or fetal size (weight and length). No dose-related fetal terata or visceral and skeletal aberrations were noted (Collins et al, 1992).…”

Reproductive Toxicology of Tartrazine (FD and C Yellow No. 5) in Swiss Albino Mice

“…These show that synthetic food colorants may affect the reproductive function. Even though in the multigenerational reproductive toxicity studies, the tartrazine seems not to affect the reproductive system since the animals were still fertile [11][12][13][14] , this present study shows that there is decrease in mating index in 2.5% treated groups. The weight offspring from all treated groups was decreased and their size was reduced only in 1 and 2.5% treated groups during the lactation period.…”

“…Previous reports on the teratogenicity/ reproduction toxicity of tartrazine suggested that there are no treatment-related effects on fertility, gestation, parturition and lactation at 5% in the diet in rats and mice [11,12] . Also, Collins et al [13] found that tartrazine produced nor toxic and teratogenic effect in rats fed by gavage (60-1000 mg kg −1 day −1 ) and Collins et al [14] reported the same effects in drinking water (0.05-0.7%) in rats. Study on reproductive and neurobehavioral toxicity of tartrazine in mice showed that at the dose of 0.45% of tartrazine in the diet produced a few adverse effects in neurobehavioral parameters during the lactation period [15] .…”

Developmental Toxicity Assay for Food Additive Tartrazine Using Zebrafish ( Danio rerio ) Embryo Cultures

“…7 Interestingly, administration of TTZ through gavage to gestating rats from 0 to 19 days of pregnancy at a concentration of 60, 100, 200, 400, 600, or 1,000 mg/kg body weight neither caused maternal toxicity nor was found teratogenic or lethal to embryo. 24,25 In the present study, we used a wide range of dilutions (0-100 mM) of TTZ for the exposure of developing zebrafish embryos (body mass: 80-100 mg) to determine no effect dose, safe dose, effective dose, lethal dose, and teratogenic potential of the FA. Each exposure consisted 60 developing embryos, and the experiments were repeated thrice to check the consistency of effects of TTZ.…”

“…7 Interestingly, administration of TTZ through gavage to gestating rats from 0 to 19 days of pregnancy at a concentration of 60, 100, 200, 400, 600, or 1,000 mg/kg body weight neither caused maternal toxicity nor was found teratogenic or lethal to embryo. 24,25…”

Scientific Opinion on the re-evaluation Tartrazine (E 102)

“…No dose-related changes were seen in maternal clinical findings, number and type of implantations, fetal viability or fetal size (weight and length). No dose-related fetal terata or visceral and skeletal aberrations were noted (Collins et al, 1992).…”

Reproductive Toxicology of Tartrazine (FD and C Yellow No. 5) in Swiss Albino Mice

“…These show that synthetic food colorants may affect the reproductive function. Even though in the multigenerational reproductive toxicity studies, the tartrazine seems not to affect the reproductive system since the animals were still fertile [11][12][13][14] , this present study shows that there is decrease in mating index in 2.5% treated groups. The weight offspring from all treated groups was decreased and their size was reduced only in 1 and 2.5% treated groups during the lactation period.…”

“…Previous reports on the teratogenicity/ reproduction toxicity of tartrazine suggested that there are no treatment-related effects on fertility, gestation, parturition and lactation at 5% in the diet in rats and mice [11,12] . Also, Collins et al [13] found that tartrazine produced nor toxic and teratogenic effect in rats fed by gavage (60-1000 mg kg −1 day −1 ) and Collins et al [14] reported the same effects in drinking water (0.05-0.7%) in rats. Study on reproductive and neurobehavioral toxicity of tartrazine in mice showed that at the dose of 0.45% of tartrazine in the diet produced a few adverse effects in neurobehavioral parameters during the lactation period [15] .…”

Developmental Toxicity Assay for Food Additive Tartrazine Using Zebrafish ( Danio rerio ) Embryo Cultures

“…7 Interestingly, administration of TTZ through gavage to gestating rats from 0 to 19 days of pregnancy at a concentration of 60, 100, 200, 400, 600, or 1,000 mg/kg body weight neither caused maternal toxicity nor was found teratogenic or lethal to embryo. 24,25 In the present study, we used a wide range of dilutions (0-100 mM) of TTZ for the exposure of developing zebrafish embryos (body mass: 80-100 mg) to determine no effect dose, safe dose, effective dose, lethal dose, and teratogenic potential of the FA. Each exposure consisted 60 developing embryos, and the experiments were repeated thrice to check the consistency of effects of TTZ.…”

“…7 Interestingly, administration of TTZ through gavage to gestating rats from 0 to 19 days of pregnancy at a concentration of 60, 100, 200, 400, 600, or 1,000 mg/kg body weight neither caused maternal toxicity nor was found teratogenic or lethal to embryo. 24,25…”

Scientific Opinion on the re-evaluation Tartrazine (E 102)

“…No dose-related changes were seen in maternal clinical findings, number and type of implantations, fetal viability or fetal size (weight and length). No dose-related fetal terata or visceral and skeletal aberrations were noted (Collins et al, 1992).…”