Study of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil samples from Al-Ahdab oil field in Waset Region, Iraq

Alawi, Mahmoud A.; Azeez, Abbas L.

doi:10.1080/15569543.2016.1198379

Cited by 24 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…However, potentially toxic elements (arsenic and heavy metals) were assessed the most often [ 9 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ]. Among organic compounds the studies often included polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ], petroleum hydrocarbons [ 22 , 26 , 27 ] and pesticides [ 3 , 11 , 28 , 29 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Risk Assessment for the Residential Area Adjacent to a Former Chemical Plant

Wcisło

Bronder

2022

IJERPH

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A health risk assessment was carried out for the residents of Łęgnowo-Wieś settlement adjacent to a former Zachem Chemical Plant, Bydgoszcz, Poland. Due to the unique Zachem site history and contamination profile, an innovative strategy for soil sampling and contaminant selection was applied. The novelty in the developed strategy consisted of selecting substances for the health risk assessment, taking into consideration the location and boundaries of the groundwater contamination plumes in relation to contamination sources. This allowed limiting the number of the analysed contaminants. The risk assessment focused on the surface soil of a residential area, which was divided into 20 sampling sectors and 6 backyards with wells from which water was used for watering edible plants. A total of 80 inorganic and organic substances were determined, including metals, phenol, aniline, BTEX, diphenyl sulphone, chloroaniline, epichlorohydrin, hydroxybiphenyl, nitrobenzene, octylphenols, toluenediamine, toluidine, 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, tetrachloroethylene and trichloroethylene. For the health risk assessment, the United States Environmental Protection Agency’s deterministic method was applied. This applies conservative assumptions to obtain risk estimates protective for most of the potential receptors. Three exposure pathways were analysed: (1) incidental soil ingestion, (2) dermal contact with soil and (3) inhalation of fugitive soil particles and volatiles. In all sampling sectors and backyards, the total non-cancer risks (hazard index) were significantly lower than the acceptable level of 1. The acceptable cancer risk level for the single carcinogen of 1 × 10−5 was only insignificantly exceeded in the case of benzo(a)pyrene in three sectors and one backyard. The total cancer risks were lower than the acceptable level of 1 × 10−4 in all sampling sectors and all backyards. The findings show that the soil in the entire residential area is safe for the residents’ health and no remedial actions are required. However, since not all possible exposure pathways were analysed in this study, further research focused on assessing the health risk resulting from the consumption of locally grown food is strongly recommended.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Risk Assessment for the Residential Area Adjacent to a Former Chemical Plant

Wcisło

Bronder

2022

IJERPH

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“…Moreover, the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) has classified several types of PAHs as probably carcinogenic to humans. The presence of PAHs in soil poses serious health threats to human population (5). Phenanthrene (PHE) is one of the most widely used PAHs that has low biodegradability and high persistence in the environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioremediation of phenanthrene-polluted soil using Bacillus kochii AHV-KH14 as a halo-tolerant strain isolated from compost

Feizi

Jorfi

Takdastan

2020

Environ Health Eng Manag

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Background: Phenanthrene (PHE) is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) with crystalline structure of C14H10, which was produced from incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons and fossil fuels and can cause harmful biological effects. Bioremediation using halophilic bacteria is payed attention over chemical methods due to considerable benefits. Methods: In the present study, a halo-tolerant bacterium Bacillus kochii strain AHV-KH14 was isolated from municipal compost, and used for the bioremediation of PHE from the contaminated soil. The effects of operational parameters including soil/water ratio, initial inoculum size, PHE concentration, and salinity on the bioremediation performance were investigated. Results: A biodegradation efficiency of about to 98% was obtained for PHE concentration of 50 mg/ kg and salinity level of 1.5%. By increasing salinity content PHE concentration, PHE biodegradation rate decreased significantly. It was found that the bioremediation efficiency decreased with increasing PHE concentration. It was also revealed that for the unwashed soil sample, cumulative concentrations of different hydrocarbons played an important role in decreasing the efficiency of bioremediation. Conclusion: A natural hydrocarbon-contaminated soil sample with total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) concentration of 2350 mg/kg was subjected to bioremediation using the selected conditions of operational parameters, and a biodegradation rate of 17.7% was obtained.

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“…Tar waste generated from the gasification process is a source of aromatic hydrocarbon compounds for the environment. PAHs such as Benzo(a) Anthracene, Benzo(a) pyrene, Benzo[b] fluorantene, Dibenzo(a,h) anthracene, and Benzo[g,h,i] perylen are included in the group of compounds that are carcinogens, mutagens, and toxic, both to humans and aquatic organisms (Alawi et al, 2016). According to Ahmad (2012), PAH compounds that settle on the bottom of the waters are very toxic to aquatic organisms (shellfish types) which will accumulate in the bodies of aquatic organisms and then be eaten by humans so that humans will also accumulate PAH compounds in the body which can cause health problems.…”

Section: The Potential Of Tar Wastementioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of Tar Waste from the Gasification Process of Landfill Waste as a Disinfectant

Pramadaningtyas,

Rachmawati,

Setyono

et al. 2023

J. Ecol. Eng.

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Gasification is a combustion process that can converts waste into electricity. Tar waste is liquid waste from the gasification process that has not been managed and utilized. Tar waste contains toxic compounds that can pollute the environment if they enter it. Tar waste has the potential to be used as a raw material for disinfectants because it contains phenol and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) compounds This study aims to determine the potential of tar waste as a disinfectant based on antibacterial activity tests and phenol coefficient tests with Salmonella typhimurium bacteria. Tar waste was tested for its antibacterial activity to determine the effective concentration between with concentrations of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% and 100% that has the potential to be an active ingredient in disinfectants. The effectiveness of the disinfectant was measured by the coefficient value of tar waste compared to 5% phenol against the Salmonella typhimurium test bacteria. If the coefficient value is equal to or greater than 1, it is said that tar waste is effectively used as a disinfectant. The results showed that the effective concentration of tar waste as a raw material for disinfectant through the antibacterial activity test was 100% with an inhibition zone diameter of 0.275556 mm in the weak category. The phenol coefficient value of 100% tar waste is 0.05. The conclusion of this study is that tar waste with a concentration of 100% is not yet effective as a raw material for disinfectant according to SNI 1842:2019.

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Study of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil samples from Al-Ahdab oil field in Waset Region, Iraq

Cited by 24 publications

References 10 publications

Health Risk Assessment for the Residential Area Adjacent to a Former Chemical Plant

Health Risk Assessment for the Residential Area Adjacent to a Former Chemical Plant

Bioremediation of phenanthrene-polluted soil using Bacillus kochii AHV-KH14 as a halo-tolerant strain isolated from compost

Utilization of Tar Waste from the Gasification Process of Landfill Waste as a Disinfectant

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