Study of a Modified Capacitance-Type Level Transducer for Any Type of Liquid

Bera, Santu; Mandal, Hiranmoy; Saha, Sirshendu; Dutta, Abhinaba

doi:10.1109/tim.2013.2282194

Cited by 70 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In (8), the term N 2CB /N 1C carries the error described above. 3. Voltage signals at the cardinal points of the CDC, under the conditions Cx < CS, N1Cx /CS is not an integer and Rp is infinity.…”

Section: An Improved Cdcmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…APACITIVE sensors are widely accepted in the industry for many applications such as flow measurement [1], [2], level measurement [3], proximity detection [4], [5], measurement of humidity [6], [7], detection of ice layer [8], angular position sensing [9], etc. An interdigitated capacitive sensor has been developed for detecting some of the chemicals related to food poisoning and presented in [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The scheme presented in [21] is suitable for grounded capacitive sensors. All these schemes use square wave for its excitation, which is not preferred for many applications such as sensing the humidity [7], proximity [4], liquid level [3], icing [8], etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Improved Capacitance-to-Digital Converter for Leaky Capacitive Sensors

Vooka

George

2015

IEEE Sensors J.

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This paper presents a capacitance-to-digital converter (CDC) that employs a novel approach to perform accurate measurement of capacitance of a leaky capacitive sensor. This CDC employs a sinusoidal source for excitation, which is advantageous for various sensing applications including ice detection, liquid level measurement, humidity measurement, proximity sensing, etc. Recently, an Impedance-to-digital converter (IDC) based on the dual-slope conversion technique has been reported. It can measure the value of capacitance even when a parallel resistance is present, but requires a large number of sinusoidal excitation cycles to complete a conversion, leading to poor update rate. The CDC proposed in this paper gives much higher (about 125 times) update rate compared to the IDC as it requires only a few excitation cycles for the conversion, but still gives an accurate output due to the use of a specially designed clock which helps to count the number of charge packets received by the integrator capacitor during the de-integration. Other than the operation of the CDC, the paper also describes outcome of a thorough analysis conducted to quantify the effect of various circuit parameters on the output of the new CDC. A prototype of the improved CDC has been developed and its performance parameters such as accuracy (± 0.27%), conversion time (24 ms), effect of parallel resistance, etc. have been tested and the results are reported in the paper.

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Section: An Improved Cdcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Improved Capacitance-to-Digital Converter for Leaky Capacitive Sensors

Vooka

George

2015

IEEE Sensors J.

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“…A linearization network for the capacitance measurement circuit was also used, providing results with good linearity in the scale of 0 -25 cm. A capacitive-type liquid level sensor was presented in [7], consisting of two non-inductive, two-layer windings mounted on coaxial cylinders immersed in the liquid, which was contained in a metallic storage tank. Results are demonstrated for a maximum liquid level of 60 cm with excellent linearity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A low-cost capacitive sensor for water level monitoring in large-scale storage tanks

Loizou

Koutroulis

Zalikas³

et al. 2015

2015 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT)

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Water-level sensors are indispensable for monitoring the level of water in storage tanks, which are used in drinking water distribution networks. In this paper, a long-range capacitive-type water-level sensor is presented. The proposed sensor is constructed using widely-available multilayer tubes, which are used for building drinking water systems. Thus, both the manufacturing cost of the sensor and the cost of the associated electronic circuits, which are used for interfacing the sensor to a digital data-acquisition unit, are low. The performance of the proposed sensor has been evaluated in a water storage tank of a city-scale water distribution network. The experimental results indicate that the accuracy of the proposed experimental prototype sensor is equivalent to that of a commercially available ultrasound water level sensor, while, additionally, its manufacturing cost is significantly lower.

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“…Electrical methods are mainly composed of capacitor methods. The conventional capacitance-type level sensor is based on the linear relationship between the capacitance and the liquid level to measure the liquid level [9], [10]. The presented sensor has the advantages of low cost, low energy, good repeatability, and high linearity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Accurate Detection for Dynamic Liquid Level Based on MIMO Ultrasonic Transducer Array

Cai

Shen

et al. 2015

IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas.

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In many circumstances, the conventional ultrasonic liquid-level detection presents the unreliable estimations due to the dynamically changed liquid level. In addition, there are circumstances where the level change involves not only the fluctuation but also the rise or fall of liquid level. To improve the measuring accuracy of liquid level using the ultrasonic method in dynamically changed level case, an attractive ultrasonic method, named the liquid-level detection based on the multiple-input multiple-output ultrasonic transducer array, is proposed in this paper. This method is different from the early ultrasonic liquidlevel detections, including those that utilize transducer array. Based on the virtual element technology, the method employs the multitransducer array to achieve the reduction of system complexity and cost, and then applies the synthetic aperture technology to realize rapid samples of liquid level. Besides, one adaptive searching scheme of focused position in beamforming of synthetic aperture in each scanning direction is optimized to get the high precise samples of liquid level. The proposed method is verified by simulation and a real system, and compared with the conventional single-channel approach. We still proposed a simulation method of ultrasonic echo signal from liquid level based on the boundary-layer theory and the ultrasonic scattering theory. The simulated and actual measurement results demonstrate that the proposed method is obviously superior to the conventional approach. Meanwhile, the factors influencing on the proposed method are investigated by simulation also. The investigations reveal that the focus position in beamforming, the SNR of echo signal, and the wave size of liquid level have impact on the suggested method. However, it is indicated that the good performance of the proposed method remains, provided that the focus in beamforming is properly set in every scanning direction and the noise of echo signal is effectively controlled.Index Terms-Acoustics, arrays, level measurement, measurement errors, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, transducers.

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Study of a Modified Capacitance-Type Level Transducer for Any Type of Liquid

Cited by 70 publications

References 19 publications

An Improved Capacitance-to-Digital Converter for Leaky Capacitive Sensors

An Improved Capacitance-to-Digital Converter for Leaky Capacitive Sensors

A low-cost capacitive sensor for water level monitoring in large-scale storage tanks

An Accurate Detection for Dynamic Liquid Level Based on MIMO Ultrasonic Transducer Array

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