Studies on the biosynthesis of cyclopropane fatty acids in Escherichia coli

Cronan, John E.; Nunn, W D; Batchelor, John G.

doi:10.1016/0005-2760(74)90093-9

Cited by 69 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…5). During the late exponential and stationary phase, C,, OLYL increased to about 90% (W3110) and 60% (W3110[pGEc47dB), which is compatible with an increasing activity of cyclopropane fatty acid (CFA) synthetase with prolonged growth (Law et a]., 1963;Cronan et al, 1974).…”

Section: Induction Profile Of Alkb In E Coli W3110[pgec47]mentioning

confidence: 79%

Overproduction of a Foreign Membrane Protein in Escherichia Coli Stimulates and Depends on Phospholipid Synthesis

Nieboer¹,

Vis²

1996

European Journal of Biochemistry

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When the Pseudomonas oleovorans alk system, consisting of the alkBFGHJKL and alkST genes, is expressed in Escherichia coli W3110, significant changes in phospholipid metabolism of the host are observed. A major role seems to be played by the cytoplasmic membrane protein alkane hydroxylase (AlkB), which is synthesized as up to 10-15% of the total protein in this strain [Nieboer, M., Kingma, J. & Witholt, B. (1993) The alkane oxidation system of Pseudomonas oleovorans: induction of the alk genes in Escherichia coli W311 O[pGEc47] affects membrane biogenesis and results in overexpression of alkane hydroxylase in a distinct cytoplasmic membrane subfraction, Mol. Microbiol. 8, 1039-10511. In the present paper, we have studied the link between synthesis of the membrane protein and the synthesis of phospholipids and fatty acids by examining the kinetics of these processes.Using [35S]methionine labeling, it was shown that induction of AlkB was maximal within 30-60 min after addition of inducer, when up to 15 % of all newly synthesized protein is AlkB. Phospholipid synthesis was followed by measuring the incorporation of 14C-labeled acetate and '3P-labeled phosphoric acid into phospholipids. Despite a negative effect of the inducer on the growth rate of W31?0[pGEc47], net phospholipid synthesis was significantly enhanced as a result of the expression of alkB. Synthesis of all three major phospholipids were stimulated to comparable extents by the induction of alkB. Induction did not increase "P incorporation into lipids in the control recombinant alk' strain which lacked alkB.Simultaneous with AlkB synthesis, the conversion of unsaturated 9-hexadecenoic acid (C,6 ,) into 9,lO-methylene hexadecanoic acid (C17 ocyc) was reduced in the alk' recombinant. Overall, these data show that the production of a foreign membrane protein in E. coli can engender a response of the phospholipid-synthesizing system of the host. In the absence of such a response, induction of the alk system would be much more toxic to the cells. Apparently, the increased phospholipid synthesis plays an important role in enabling the AlkB overproducing strain to grow.

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Section: Induction Profile Of Alkb In E Coli W3110[pgec47]mentioning

confidence: 79%

Overproduction of a Foreign Membrane Protein in Escherichia Coli Stimulates and Depends on Phospholipid Synthesis

Nieboer¹,

Vis²

1996

European Journal of Biochemistry

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“…The proportion of unsaturated fatty acids is often reduced with increasing growth temperature to maintain ideal membrane fluidity (Farrell & Rose, 1967;Fulco, 1974;Cronan & Gelmann, 1975;Neidleman, 1987;Suutari et al, 1990). However, the formation of cyclopropane acids from unsaturated fatty acids does not necessarily alter the physicochemical properties of lipids Van Deenen, 1971 ;Cronan et al, 1979). Nevertheless, cyclopropane fatty acids are thought to make membranes more stable during exposure to adverse environmental conditions (Cronan, 1968;Dufourc et al, 1984).…”

Section: Efect Of Temperature On Fatty Acid Unsaturation and Cyclizatmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the existence of lactobacillic and other cyclic fatty acids is long established (Hofmann et al, 1952;Hofmann & Sax, 1953), their role is still poorly understood (Cronan et al, 1979;Dufourc et al, 1984;Schweizer, 1989). Their appearance is often connected with disadvantageous growth conditions such as extreme temperatures, entering stationary growth phase and decreasing pH (Knivett & Cullen, 1965;Cronan, 1968;Law, 1971;Veerkamp, 1971;Uchida & Mogi, 19736;Cronan et al, 1974;Uchida, 1975;Gill & Suisted, 1978). Similarly, the data presented showed that dihydrosterulic acid was formed in L. fermentum at extreme temperatures (Fig.…”

Section: The Roles Of Cyclic Fatty Acids and Oxygen In Temperature Admentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Monoenoic fatty acids can further be cyclized to cyclopropane acids by the enzyme cyclopropane synthetase, which adds a methylene carbon bridge from S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) across the double bond. Thus, lactobacillic acid is formed from vaccenic acid (Chalk & Kodicek, 1961 ;Liu & Hofmann, 1962;Law, 1971 ;Goldfine, 1972;Cronan et al, 1979) and, interestingly, when oleic acid is added to the growth medium of L. plantarum, it is cyclized to dihydrosterulic acid (Henderson & McNeill, 1966;Polachek et al, 1966;Buist & McLean, 1981).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temperature adaptation in Lactobacillus fermentum: interconversions of oleic, vaccenic and dihydrosterulic acids

Suutari¹,

Laakso²

1992

Journal of General Microbiology

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The interchange of octadecenoic acids and dihydrosterulic acid was a response of aerobically growing LactobaciZZus fermenturn to changes in growth temperature. Oleic and vaccenic acid contents decreased both at temperatures below 20 "C and above 26 "C, showing mirror image behaviour, with a concomitant increase in dihydrostemlic acid. A temperature-dependent shift from vaccenic to oleic acid synthesis, and the conversion of the latter to dihydrosterulic acid was responsible for the overall change. Consequently, the degree of fatty acid unsaturation decreased at temperatures above 26 "C, whereas the degree of cyclization increased. The converse occurred below 20 "C. The relative amount of lactobacillic acid, total cellular fatty acid content, and mean fatty acid chain length were practically temperature-independent. The occurrence of oleic acid is thought to be related to aerobic growth conditions.

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“…Cyclopropane fatty acids are formed by the addition of a methyl group from Sadenosylmethionine in the double bond of a pre-existing fatty acid (Cronan et al, 1979;Grogan & Cronan Jr., 1997). In general, these fatty acids are part of the phospholipids of many bacterial species, and they have been related to the aging process of cells because they are produced in the stationary stage during their culture (Grogan & Cronan Jr., 1997).…”

Section: Fatty Acids In Prokaryotic Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatty Acids Analysis of Photosynthetic Sulfur Bacteria by Gas Chromatography

Núñez-Cardona¹

2012

Gas Chromatography - Biochemicals, Narcotics and Essential Oils

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Studies on the biosynthesis of cyclopropane fatty acids in Escherichia coli

Cited by 69 publications

References 27 publications

Overproduction of a Foreign Membrane Protein in Escherichia Coli Stimulates and Depends on Phospholipid Synthesis

Overproduction of a Foreign Membrane Protein in Escherichia Coli Stimulates and Depends on Phospholipid Synthesis

Temperature adaptation in Lactobacillus fermentum: interconversions of oleic, vaccenic and dihydrosterulic acids

Fatty Acids Analysis of Photosynthetic Sulfur Bacteria by Gas Chromatography

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