Studies on the anti–diarrheal properties of leaf extract of Desmodium puchellum

Rahman, Md. Khalilur; Barua, Soumitra; Islam, Md. Fakhrul; Islam, Md. Rafikul; Sayeed, Mohammed Abu; Parvin, Mst. Shahnaj; Islam, Md. Ekramul

doi:10.1016/s2221-1691(13)60129-x

Cited by 34 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…This fact supports the activities of WHO/UNI-CEF and increases the need for research into new drugs and treatments for diarrhoea that are based on natural products. Our results showed that PLS more effectively reduced diarrhoea than other natural products, such as polyherbal formulations [13], latex tree derivatives [20] and plant extracts [25][26][27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Sulphated Polysaccharide Isolated from the Seaweed Gracilaria caudata Exerts an Antidiarrhoeal Effect in Rodents

Costa

Araújo

Sousa

et al. 2016

Basic Clin Pharma Tox

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Diarrhoea is a significant health problem for children in developing countries that causes more than 1 million deaths annually. This study aimed to evaluate the antidiarrhoeal effect of sulphated polysaccharide (PLS) from the alga Gracilaria caudata in rodents. For the evaluation, acute diarrhoea was induced in Wistar rats (150-200 g) by administration of castor oil (10 mg/kg). Then, different parameters, including enteropooling and gastrointestinal transit and its pharmacological modulation by opioid and cholinergic pathways, were assessed using activated charcoal in Swiss Mice (25-30 g). Secretory diarrhoea was examined using cholera toxin (CT) (1 mg/loop)-treated, isolated intestinal loops from Swiss mice (25-30 g), which were also used to examine fluid secretion, loss of chloride ions into the intestinal lumen and absorption. In addition, a GM1-dependent ELISA was used to evaluate the interaction between PLS, CT and the GM1 receptor. Pre-treatment with PLS (10, 30 and 90 mg/kg) reduced faecal mass, diarrhoeal faeces and enteropooling. However, 90 mg/kg more effectively reduced these symptoms; therefore, it was used as the standard dose in subsequent experiments. Gastrointestinal transit was also reduced by PLS treatment via a cholinergic mechanism. Regarding the diarrhoea caused by CT, PLS reduced all study parameters, and the ELISA showed that PLS can interact with both the GM1 receptor and CT. These results show that PLS from G. caudata effectively improved the parameters observed in acute and secretory diarrhoea, which affects millions of people, and may lead to the development of a new alternative therapy for this disease.Seaweeds (marine macroalgae) are excellent sources of pharmacologically active compounds, and the number of substances isolated from seaweed sources has been generating a great deal of interest [1]. The structures of most isolated compounds have been determined, and the therapeutic potentials of these substances are currently being examined [2,3]. Investigations into the precise phytochemical composition of different seaweeds have revealed that they are principally composed of different types of sulphated polysaccharides and other potentially useful chemical biomolecules [4].Over the past several decades, it has become clear that sulphated polysaccharides are involved in numerous cellular processes and possess a range of pharmacological activities; therefore, they have attracted the attention of numerous research groups [5]. Sulphated polysaccharides are complex macromolecular compounds found in the extracellular matrix, and these polysaccharides are known to have anticoagulant, antiviral and anti-inflammatory activities that have potential applications as nutraceuticals, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals [6].In Brazil, several species of the genus Gracilaria, including Gracilaria caudata, thrive in coastal regions. We showed that G. caudata produces an agaran consisting of alternating residues of 3-linked-b-D-galactopyranose connected to either 4-linked-3,6-anhydro-a-L-galactopyr...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Sulphated Polysaccharide Isolated from the Seaweed Gracilaria caudata Exerts an Antidiarrhoeal Effect in Rodents

Costa

Araújo

Sousa

et al. 2016

Basic Clin Pharma Tox

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“…All dosages were given orally. After 1 h of treatment, diarrhea was induced by oral gavage of castor oil (VASCO DRUG LABORATORIES, Agra) at 1 ml/rat in all groups except negative control [ 11 ]. All rats were transferred to propylene cages with absorbent paper and observed for watery wet or unformed stools for the next 4 h. A total number of wet or unformed droppings were counted and mean number of droppings/rat was calculated.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of antidiarrheal activity of ethanolic extract of Holarrhena antidysenterica seeds in rats

Sharma¹,

Gupta²,

Kumar³

et al. 2015

Vet World

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Aim:The present study was conducted to evaluate the antidiarrheal effect of ethanolic extract of Holarrhena antidysenterica (Family - Apocynaceae) seeds against induced diarrhea in Wistar albino rats.Materials and Methods:The extract was evaluated for castor oil and Escherichia coli induced diarrhea. Extract was given at 100, 200, 400 mg/kg body wt. orally in both protocols. Standard antidiarrheal Loperamide was used at 5 mg/kg body wt. orally in castor oil induced protocol, while standard antibiotic Gentamicin at 8 mg/kg body wt. intraperitoneally was used in E. coli induced diarrhea. In castor oil induced protocol, the percentage inhibition of defecation was calculated for each group, whereas in E. coli induced protocol, change in fecal consistency, and body weight was recorded for each individual rat for 3 days.Results:The severity of castor oil induced diarrhea was reduced significantly (p<0.05) with H. antidysenterica seeds extract at 200 and 400 mg/kg body wt. which showed equivalent effectiveness like that of Loperamide treated groups. Similarly in E. coli induced diarrhea protocol, the mean change in body weight was significantly (p<0.05) higher in positive control, whereas no significant variation was observed in negative control, Gentamicin treated and H. antidysenterica treated group at 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg body wt., respectively.Conclusion:The study concluded that ethanolic extract of H. antidysenterica seeds effectively controlled diarrhea and decreased the severity of clinical signs of castor oil and E. coli induced diarrhea in Wistar rats.

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“…Loperamide, the standard antidiarrheal drug, which is known for its anti-motility and anti-secretory properties, also works on the similar mechanism of action [ 27 ]. PGE2 are known to be associated with changes in the bowel that stimulates diarrhea [ 28 ]. The extract also showed significant differences in reduction of intestinal secretion in PGE2-enteropooling assay in a dose-dependent manner.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of safety and protective effects of Potentilla fulgens root extract in experimentally induced diarrhoea in mice

Tangpu¹,

Deori²,

Yadav³

2014

J Intercult Ethnopharmacol

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Aim:The roots of Potentilla fulgens Wall. ex Hook. (Rosaceae) have been used in the indigenous system of medicine in Northeast India to treat diarrhea. The aim of this study was to investigate the safety and protective effects of P. fulgens root extract in experimentally induced diarrhea in mice.Materials and Methods:The protective effects of P. fulgens root extract was investigated against experimentally induced diarrhea in mice, using four experimental models, that is the measurement of fecal output, castor oil model, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) enteropooling assay, and gastrointestinal transit test. The safety assessment of root extract was done in mice on the basis of general signs and symptoms of toxicity, food water intake and mortality of animals following their treatment with various doses of extract (100-3200 mg/kg). In addition, the serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase, cholesterol and total protein of experimental mice were also monitored to assess the toxicity of root extract.Results:In the safety assessment studies, P. fulgens root extract did not showed any visible signs of toxicity, but mortality was observed in a single animal at 3200 mg/kg dose of extract. The extract also did not showed any adverse effects on the studied serum parameters of experimental animals. In the antidiarrheal tests, administration of 800 mg/kg dose of extract to mice showed 50% protection from diarrhea evoked by castor oil. In addition, the extract also showed 29.27% reduction in PGE2-induced intestinal secretion as compared with 30.31% recorded for loperamide, a standard antidiarrheal drug.Conclusions:The results of this study indicate that P. fulgens root extract possesses significant antidiarrheal properties. Therefore, the roots of this plant can be an effective traditional medicine for protection from diarrhea.

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Studies on the anti–diarrheal properties of leaf extract of Desmodium puchellum

Cited by 34 publications

References 20 publications

Sulphated Polysaccharide Isolated from the Seaweed Gracilaria caudata Exerts an Antidiarrhoeal Effect in Rodents

Sulphated Polysaccharide Isolated from the Seaweed Gracilaria caudata Exerts an Antidiarrhoeal Effect in Rodents

Evaluation of antidiarrheal activity of ethanolic extract of Holarrhena antidysenterica seeds in rats

Evaluation of safety and protective effects of Potentilla fulgens root extract in experimentally induced diarrhoea in mice

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