Studies of the oxidation states of phosphorus gettered silicon substrates using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy

Thøgersen, Annett; Syre, M.; Olaisen, B.R.; Diplas, Spyros

doi:10.1063/1.4775818

Cited by 28 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The post‐HER XPS results also exhibited the existence of divalent metal (Co and Ni) species but in the form of divalent hydroxides due to surface adsorbed moisture (Figures S12 and S13). The P2p spectrum display peaks at 133.4 and 135.6 eV which is related to the PO 4 3− (unbridged P=O) and P 2 O 5 ‐like (bridged P−O−P) species in both the pristine and N−RGO analogue of CoNiP/CoNi catalysts [73] . The unbridged P=O and bridged P−O−P features were also confirmed from O1s XPS peaks at 532.0 and 533.5 eV, respectively (Figure S14) [73] .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The P2p spectrum display peaks at 133.4 and 135.6 eV which is related to the PO 4 3− (unbridged P=O) and P 2 O 5 ‐like (bridged P−O−P) species in both the pristine and N−RGO analogue of CoNiP/CoNi catalysts [73] . The unbridged P=O and bridged P−O−P features were also confirmed from O1s XPS peaks at 532.0 and 533.5 eV, respectively (Figure S14) [73] . The surface adsorbed metal hydroxide species were also corroborated from the peaks at 529.9 and 531.0 eV.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Complementary Co−Ni Phosphide/Bimetallic Alloy‐Interspersed N‐Doped Graphene Electrocatalyst for Overall Alkaline Water Splitting

2021

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Echinops‐like bimetallic CoNiP−CoNi alloy is synthesized from a metal−organic framework (MOF) and serves as an efficient catalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), with a low overpotential of 300 mV in 1 M KOH at 10 mA cm−2 (η10). The cooperative effect of Ni and Co metal, as well as the interfacial properties of the integrated semiconducting phosphide/metallic alloy and electronic conductivity of the MOF‐derived carbon regulate the performance of the catalyst. Moreover, the bimetallic CoNiP/CoNi alloy catalyst is interspersed with N‐doped graphene, forming a triad catalyst that demonstrates superior activity towards the hydrogen evolution reaction (η10=150 mV) and excellent durability, owing to interfacial effects of the triad catalyst, large electrochemical active surface area, and enhanced conductivity from N‐doped graphene. The stability of the carbon‐containing catalyst during OER (oxidation) is altered by the high reactivity of heteroatom dopant. The assembled CoNiP/CoNi/N−RGO||CoNiP/CoNi water electrolyzer delivers a reasonable cell potential of 1.76 V at 10 mA cm−2. The synthesized bimetallic CoNiP/CoNi alloy‐based triad catalyst thus demonstrates excellent electrocatalytic activity and high durability suitable for efficient alkaline water splitting.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Complementary Co−Ni Phosphide/Bimetallic Alloy‐Interspersed N‐Doped Graphene Electrocatalyst for Overall Alkaline Water Splitting

2021

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“…Our data match well with the reported results of elemental P 0 . [49] Additionally, a broad peak envelope exists in the binding energy's (BE) range from 132.5 to 135.7 eV, corresponding to the phosphorus oxidized species with multiple PO and PO bonding states. [50] So, we assigned the peak as PO x , mainly including phosphorus pentoxide (P 4 O 10 ) with a higher BE centered at 134.9 eV and phosphorus oxides with lower-oxidation states (P < +5), such as phosphorus trioxide (P 4 O 6 ).…”

Section: Wwwadvopticalmatdementioning

confidence: 99%

Impurity‐Induced Robust Trionic Effect in Layered Violet Phosphorus

Cai

Lai

et al. 2021

Advanced Optical Materials

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such as the strong room-temperature PL and abundant valley-selective excitation of excitonic states in transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs). [2,[4][5][6][7] Besides, a neutral exciton can capture an additional electron (e) or hole (h) to form a correlated threeparticle state (e-e-h or h-e-h), known as a trion (T), in the presence of excess carriers. [8] It has been demonstrated that trionic effect can strongly affect the PL properties of 2D materials through controlling the excess carriers' population. [9][10][11] However, the small trion binding energy in various TMDs (< 50 meV) greatly hinders the investigation of T emission in 2D systems. Taking the thermal fluctuation and dimensional confinement into account, it is arduous for people to observe T emission in non-monolayer TMDs at room temperature. [12] Recently, the radiative recombination of X 0 and T in black phosphorus (BP) has been studied yet. [13] Robust T emission in monolayer BP was observed at ≈1.63 eV at room temperature with the trion binding energy of ≈100 meV. [14] Although the trion binding energy of BP is considerable, the weak ambient stability, especially for monolayer or bilayer BP, limits its application in future trionic devices. More importantly, subject to the narrow bandgap, the PL emission of BP mainly lies in near-IR range.Violet phosphorus (VP), another allotrope of the elemental phosphorus, was first identified by W. Hittorf in 1865. [15] The subtle van der Waals (vdW) layered phosphorus bi-tubular structure leads to abundant exciton-related phenomena, for example, strong PL emissions in the visible range (from ≈1.67 to ≈2.50 eV) at room temperature. [16][17][18][19][20] Moreover, the thermal stability of VP is higher than that of BP, suggesting that VP and its low-dimensional counterparts are more promising candidates for the research of excitonic physics and optoelectronic applications. [17,21,22] Nevertheless, to the best of our knowledge, the trionic effect in VP have yet to be explored.In this work, we synthesized layered VP crystals by the chemical vapor transport (CVT) method and subsequently studied the trionic effect of the mechanically exfoliated VP flakes comprehensively. We found that a robust T emission contributes to the PL spectra of the VP crystals with a huge trion binding energy of ≈109 meV. Using a mild Ar + plasma post-treatment method, we observed a conversion from T emission to X 0 emission. Trionic effect is a vital excitonic physical phenomenon, which intensively affects the optical and optoelectronic properties of 2D materials. Violet phosphorus (VP) is another allotrope of elemental phosphorus with robust photoluminescence (PL) emission in the visible range. So far, experimental investigations of the excitonic behavior in VP are quite scarce. Herein, the evolution of the PL mechanism in synthesized VP crystals against the Ar + plasma exposure is investigated with emphasis on a conversion from trion to exciton emission. The estimated trion binding energy of VP is ≈109 meV, relatively larger than common la...

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“…27 The binding energy peaks are positioned at 132.62 and 133.34 eV in Figure 2D are assigned to P P and P O bonds, respectively. 28 Figure 2E shows the core level spectrum of O 1s with peaks detected at 530.81 and 531.96 eV which could be attributed to the presence of Mn O, Co O and P O compounds. 29 (oxide components) and π À π * (satellite peak/electrons transition) bonding, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study of Co‐Mn phosphate supported with graphene foam as promising electrode materials for future electrochemical capacitors

Mirghni

Oyedotun

Mahmoud

et al. 2021

Intl J of Energy Research

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Mn and Co are known for their redox storage mechanism depending on the kinetics of their ions, which is required to boost capacity values of the material electrodes for energy storage applications. However, to the best of our knowledge, Co-Mn phosphate material-based electrochemical capacitors have been rarely investigated. In this work, CoMn(PO 4 ) 2 synergized with graphene foam (GF) was synthesized following an easy, direct and low-temperature hydrothermal method. The study investigated the synergy between Co, Mn and GFsupported composite, with a strong P-O covalent tie occurring at the surface of the material, leading to a high degree of polarization and very low relaxation time. The CoMn(PO 4 ) 2 /GF material tested as a half-cell could achieve a specific capacity of 58.15 mAh g À1 at 0.5 A g À1 . A CoMn(PO 4 ) 2 /GF//activated carbon (AC) hybrid device was made up considering CoMn(PO 4 ) 2 /GF and an AC material as positive and negative electrodes, respectively. The CoMn(PO 4 ) 2 /GF//AC hybrid device achieved a specific capacity of 45.89 mAh g À1 , specific energy of 51.53 Wh kg À1 and a corresponding specific power of 561.52 W kg À1 at 0.5 A g À1 . Furthermore, the device displayed a 95% capacity retention after 10 000 GCD cycles at 12 A g À1 and showed improved performance over its initial specific capacity after a voltage holding test for over 110 hours at 2 A g À1 .

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Studies of the oxidation states of phosphorus gettered silicon substrates using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy

Cited by 28 publications

References 21 publications

A Complementary Co−Ni Phosphide/Bimetallic Alloy‐Interspersed N‐Doped Graphene Electrocatalyst for Overall Alkaline Water Splitting

A Complementary Co−Ni Phosphide/Bimetallic Alloy‐Interspersed N‐Doped Graphene Electrocatalyst for Overall Alkaline Water Splitting

Impurity‐Induced Robust Trionic Effect in Layered Violet Phosphorus

A study of Co‐Mn phosphate supported with graphene foam as promising electrode materials for future electrochemical capacitors

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