Studies of the Mechanics of Breathing in Children with Congenital Heart Lesions

Wallgren, Göran; Geubelle, F; Koch, G.

doi:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1960.tb07754.x

Cited by 31 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The alteration in pulmonary haemodynamics due to various congenital cardiac malformations has been shown in previous studies on adults (Saxton et al, 1956;Davies, Williams, and Wood, 1962;Davies and Gazetopoulos, 1967), children (Wallgren, Geubelle, and Koch, 1960;Ohnishi, 1970), and experimental animals (Borst et al, 1957;Cook et al, 1959) to have an effect upon the mechanical behaviour of the lungs. The present study was undertaken to investigate this effect in neonates and infants with congenital heart disease in order to see whether measurements of lung mechanics could be used to assess the severity of the cardiac defect and to evaluate the effect of surgery.…”

mentioning

confidence: 73%

“…However, virtually all the results quoted to date have been obtained from adults and older children (Saxton et al, 1956;Davies et al, 1962;Davies and Gazetopoulos, 1967). It has been possible to find only one reference (Wallgren et al, 1960) which quotes figures for infants, and of the 25 infants they studied only 9 were less than 6 months of age. It is therefore of some significance that the results obtained in the present study on neonates and infants, whose pulmonary mechanics and circulation are presumably more labile, are very similar to those quoted for older children and adults Wallgren et al (1960) suggested that the reduction in compliance found in the presence of left-toright shunt might be due to a reduction in the aerated lung volume.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Normal values of lung volume and mechanical behaviour are available for infants in the first week or two of life (Klaus et al, 1962;Auld et al, 1963;Cook et al, 1957;Swyer, Reiman, and Wright, 1960) (Wallgren et al, 1960;Krieger, 1963;Phelan and Williams, 1969;Doershuk et al, 1970). Because there is a wide scatter in the normal results quoted by these workers the various parameters of lung function were also measured in a comparable group of normal infants to serve as controls.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Lung Mechanics in Normal Infants and Infants with Congenital Heart Disease

Howlett¹

1972

Archives of Disease in Childhood

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Howlett, G. (1972). Archives of Disease in Childhood, 47, 707. Lung mechanics in normal infants and infants with congenital heart disease. The results of a study of pulmonary mechanics in 24 normal infants and 28 infants with congenital heart disease aged 1 to 32 weeks are presented. The two groups were matched for length and weight. The diagnosis of the infants with congenital heart disease varied from simple stenoses to complex septal defects and transpositions. 6 infants were studied before and after operation designed to improve their haemodynamic situation.Pulmonary compliance and mean pulmonary resistance were measured using a pneumotachygraph, integrator, and oesophageal balloon; thoracic gas volume was measured by the plethysmographic method. Results were found to be reproducible both in the individual and within the normal group.Thoracic gas volume in relation to weight and pulmonary resistance were normal in the infants with congenital heart disease, but the pulmonary compliance was often abnormal even when related to lung volume. The change in compliance was not simply related to pulmonary blood flow or pressure but was related to the radiological assessment of pulmonary plethora or oligaemia-the more plethoric the lower the compliance. Surgery altered both the radiological grading and the compliance appropriately. It is postulated that changes in the elastic properties of the lungs are related to changes in the pulmonary capillary blood volume.

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 73%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Lung Mechanics in Normal Infants and Infants with Congenital Heart Disease

Howlett¹

1972

Archives of Disease in Childhood

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Changes in the elastic properties of the lungs before surgery could be caused by increased pulmonary blood flow and volume25 and engorgement of the capillary network 626 Persistence of stiff lung indices in other types of congenital heart defect with high pulmonary blood flow can result from vascular changes27 28 leading to progressive remodelling of the lung parenchyma, even with fibrotic changes 1222 The different responses of fetal compared with adult vascular smooth muscle cells to high pulmonary blood flow and pressure27 could also influence the outcome.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulmonary function in children with atrial septal defect before and after heart surgery

Šulc

Andrle²,

Hruda³

et al. 1998

Heart

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective-To test the eVect of heart disease and heart surgery on lung function. Design-A pulmonary function study of children undergoing surgery for atrial septal defect (ASD). Settings-University hospital. Patients-26 children tested before surgery (at mean (SD) age 11.8 (3.8) years) and 24 patients tested 1.8 (0.2) years after surgical correction. Methods-Lung volumes, lung elasticity, and airway patency indices were measured using standard techniques. Results-Before surgery: pulmonary function test abnormalities were found in 18 of the 26 patients. StiV lung was found in 12, lung hyperinflation in five, and indices of decreased airway patency in four. Total lung capacity decreased in only two patients. After surgery: pulmonary function test abnormalities were found in 12 of the 24 patients (informed consent not given for two patients). StiV lung was detected in nine and indices of peripheral airway obstruction in four. Mean values of specific airway conductance and peak expiratory flow were all normal. Lung hyperinflation was found only in one of 24 patients. No correlation between perioperative events and pulmonary function test data was found. Conclusions-Pulmonary function test abnormalities persist in half the patients almost two years after surgery for ASD. A decrease in the total frequency of pulmonary function test abnormalities (in 19% of the patients), with a decrease in stiV lung in 8% and lung hyperinflation in 15%, was not significant. Impairment of lung function related to ASD is associated with the disease itself rather than the surgical procedure. (Heart 1998;80:484-488)

show abstract

“…Without doubt, the esophageal-balloon technique is a useful tool for judging the degree of bronchial obstruction as shown by several authors [7,8,27]. It should be kept in mind, however, that in children, lung tissue resistance contributes considerably to total pulmonary resistance, being dependent on the size of the lung and on the breathing pattern as well.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lung Tissue Resistance in Healthy Children

Bachofen

Duc

1968

Pediatr Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ExtractIn ten healthy children, simultaneous measurements were made of the total pulmonary resistance and the airway resistance. The difference between these two measurements gave the lung tissue resistance which amounted to 1.08 ±0.32 cm H 2 O/l/s (range, 0.65 to 1.59), or 29% of the total pulmonary resistance. It was on an average three times higher in children than in healthy adults. An inverse relation was found between lung tissue resistance and the vital capacity. Moreover, the results of measurements made in one child breathing at three different breathing patterns, indicate that with increasing tidal volume, lung tissue resistance increases. These observations suggest that lung tissue resistance itself is the sum of two components; one being due to the flow-dependent frictional forces of lung tissue, and the other, independent of flow resistance, being due to the nonideal elastic properties of the lung. The results obtained can be explained reasonably well on the basis of the latter component which seems to be much more important than the former. Speculation

show abstract

Studies of the Mechanics of Breathing in Children with Congenital Heart Lesions

Cited by 31 publications

References 21 publications

Lung Mechanics in Normal Infants and Infants with Congenital Heart Disease

Lung Mechanics in Normal Infants and Infants with Congenital Heart Disease

Pulmonary function in children with atrial septal defect before and after heart surgery

Lung Tissue Resistance in Healthy Children

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About