“…36 In addition, montmorillonite is widely used in wastewater treatment because of its dispersion and suspension, thixotropy, cohesiveness, plasticity, thermal stability, and high adsorption capacity for organics. [37][38][39] However, due to the swelling and dispersing and properties of aqueous montmorillonite suspensions, its use in applications requiring high adsorption has been limited. Montmorillonite need to be modied to improve its water dispersibility and adsorption capacity.…”