Structure–property relationships of controlled epoxy networks with quantified levels of excess epoxy etherification

Sherman, Courtney L.; Zeigler, Robert C.; Verghese, Nikhil; Marks, Maurice J.

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2008.01.037

Cited by 34 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Some authors confirm that the etherification reaction can occur under specific conditions (i) at temperatures higher than 150 °C25, 26 and (ii) with an epoxide conversion above 90% 24, 27, 28. Indeed, the etherification reaction takes place at intermediate and high reaction extents, when the amount of hydroxyl groups in the system is high enough and the primary amine content has been reduced 17, 29. It is also the case when the epoxide groups are in stoichiometric excess 29.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Indeed, the etherification reaction takes place at intermediate and high reaction extents, when the amount of hydroxyl groups in the system is high enough and the primary amine content has been reduced 17, 29. It is also the case when the epoxide groups are in stoichiometric excess 29. Moreover, the homopolymerization of glycidyl groups, the fourth potential reaction, which requires the presence of Lewis bases (i.e., tertiary amines) or Lewis acid catalysts (i.e., BF 3 complexed with an amine), was considered negligible.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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SNP–SNP interactions between DNA repair genes were associated with breast cancer risk in a Korean population

Han

Kim

Yang

et al. 2011

Cancer

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BACKGROUND: Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway genes may modulate DNA repair capacity and increase susceptibility to breast cancer (BC). A case-control study was conducted by evaluating genes involved in DNA repair to identify polymorphisms associated with BC. METHODS: The 384 SNPs of 38 candidate genes were genotyped using the Illumina GoldenGate method. Genotypes were determined in a case-control study that consisted of 346 BC patients and 361 controls. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were computed using logistic regression models. Multiple logistic regression models adjusted for age, family history of BC, and body mass index were used. RESULTS: Gene-gene interaction analysis among the DNA repair pathway genes showed significant effects on BC risk. ERCC2 rs50872 (TC genotype) in combination with XPA rs2808668 (TC genotype) and rs1800975 (AG genotype) was strongly associated with an increased risk of BC (P ¼ .0004 and .0002, P Bonferroni ¼ .023 and .014, respectively). Moreover, the T-G (including rs2808668 and rs1800975) haplotype in XPA combined with the ERCC2 T allele in rs50872 carriers was also associated with additive risk effect of BC (odds ratios: 2.58, 2.62, and 3.49, respectively). CONCLUSION: Genetic variation in DNA repair genes involved in NER mechanisms increased the risk of BC development. These results suggested that a stronger combined effect of SNPs via gene-gene interaction may help to predict BC risk. Cancer 2012;118:594-

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SNP–SNP interactions between DNA repair genes were associated with breast cancer risk in a Korean population

Han

Kim

Yang

et al. 2011

Cancer

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“…It was seen that as M C increased in the system the higher the K IC value became. Sherman et al [27] attribute this to an increase in the free volume of the materials, which allows more space resulting in an increase of chain motions capable to accommodate the applied load. Nevertheless, linear correlation was not found for the system under study, the results showed that the K IC values did not increase as M C increased.…”

Section: Determination Of Average Molecularmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sequential graft-interpenetrating polymer networks based on polyurethane and acrylic/ester copolymers

Ballestero¹,

Sundaram²,

Tippur³

et al. 2016

Express Polym. Lett.

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Abstract. Highly transparent and tough graft-interpenetrating polymer networks (graft-IPNs) were synthesized using an elastomeric polyurethane phase (PU) and a highly stiff acrylate-base copolymer phase. The grafting points between the two networks were generated with the purpose of minimizing the phase separation process of the polymeric systems. In order to generate the grafting between the networks, an acrylic resin capable of undergoing both free radical and poly-addition polymerization was employed. The thermo-mechanical properties, fracture toughness properties as well as network and surface phase morphology of the graft-IPNs synthesized were evaluated in this work. Data obtained suggested that the minimization of the phase separation was achieved by the generation of crosslinking points between both networks. High transparency was obtained in all samples as an indication of the high level of interpenetration achieved. The relative high values obtained for the fracture toughness tests suggest that generating chemical crosslinks between networks is a good approach for increasing the fracture toughness of polymeric materials.

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“…The epoxide ring is highly reactive to amines and crosslinks with other epoxy monomers by the ring opening polymerization process, which results in a crosslinked polymer [12–15]. As this crosslinked polymer is difficult to recycle once its useful life is over, it is usually disposed of in landfill sites [16, 17], thereby affecting the environment. Consequently, in this study, we look at alternate ways to recycle the epoxy polymer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reuse of cured epoxy as a reinforcement in an epoxy composite

Mohan¹,

Kanny²

2012

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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This article discusses the reuse of a thermoset‐based epoxy polymer. In this method, cured epoxy polymer is ground to powder of particle size ranging from 1 to 30 μm. The ground epoxy is then filled in an epoxy polymer to form an epoxy–epoxy composite system using both room and high temperature processing. The amount of filler material was varied from 1 to 10 wt% in the epoxy matrix. Rheology and tensile properties test were then performed. The result shows that the room temperature‐processed epoxy composites (above 5 wt% of powders) resulted in the formation of voids, agglomeration of particles, and reduced degree of cure leading to a decrease in tensile properties. These drawbacks (voids, agglomeration, and low degree of cure) were correspondingly absent in composites processed at high temperature. Results from this work suggest that the thermoset polymer can be reused effectively with minimal changes to the unfilled resin properties. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2013. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers

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Structure–property relationships of controlled epoxy networks with quantified levels of excess epoxy etherification

Cited by 34 publications

References 23 publications

SNP–SNP interactions between DNA repair genes were associated with breast cancer risk in a Korean population

SNP–SNP interactions between DNA repair genes were associated with breast cancer risk in a Korean population

Sequential graft-interpenetrating polymer networks based on polyurethane and acrylic/ester copolymers

Reuse of cured epoxy as a reinforcement in an epoxy composite

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