Structure–function relationship among bacterial, fungal and plant laccases

Bioelectrocatalytic Oxygen Reaction and Chloride Inhibition Resistance of Laccase Immobilized on Single-walled Carbon Nanotube and Carbon Paper Electrodes

“…Lac contains four copper atoms within its active sites, which are classified as type-1 (T1), type-2 (T2), and type-3 (T3) Cu sites according to their spectroscopic and magnetic properties. [1][2][3] T2 and T3 sites form a trinuclear copper cluster called type-2/3 Cu (T2/3 Cu). The T1 Cu site functions as the primary electron acceptor, and shuttles electrons to the T2/3 Cu site, where O 2 is fully reduced to water without releasing a H 2 O 2 intermediate.…”

“…Lac has been used to detect catecholamines, biopolymers, and small aromatic compounds, and to measure glucose concentrations. 3,[7][8][9][10][11] Integrating Lac into various materials has led to the recent rapid development of analytical biosensors. The heterogenization of a sensor molecular through its attachment to an electrode surface is a key aspect in developing enzyme-based electrodes.…”

“…The heterogenization of a sensor molecular through its attachment to an electrode surface is a key aspect in developing enzyme-based electrodes. [2][3][4][5][6][7]12,13 Fast heterogeneous direct electron transfer of Lac with electrodes has been achieved using electrodes functionalized with anthracene, 2-amiophenol, neocuproine-modified graphite, and Au nanoparticles. 2,4,14,15 We reported that the interface of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) modified with steroid-type biosurfactants provided very fast direct electron transfer, with a rate of 3000 s…”

Production and Optimization of Laccase from Streptomyces lavendulae

“…In generally bacteria tolerate a broader range of habitats and grow faster than fungi (Harms et al, 2011). Moreover, in contrast to fungal laccases, some bacterial laccases can be highly active and much more stable at high temperatures, at high pH as well as at high chloride concentrations (Sharma et al, 2007;Bugg et al, 2011;Dwivedi et al, 2011).…”

Chitosan multiple addition enhances laccase production from Trametes versicolor

“…The reactions catalyzed by laccase and its broad range of substrate specificity have made it an indispensable tool in environmental protection processes, chemical, nanobiotecnology and manufacturing industries [15]. Such applications include the removal of lignin and bleaching in paper production, removal of highly recalcitrant environmental pollutant and xenobiotics, dye decolorization, water purification system, production of household materials, production of anticancer drugs, biopolymer modification, wine classification, and the production of nanoparticles and biosensors [13,15,16].…”