Structural Regulation with Atomic-Level Precision: From Single-Atomic Site to Diatomic and Atomic Interface Catalysis

Abstract

As a new, emerging class in catalysis field, single-atomic-site catalysts (SASCs) have displayed outstanding activities, selectivities, and stabilities in a range of important catalytic reactions. The compositions and structures of SASCs have a great impact on catalytic performances; therefore, the central task is to rationally manipulate the structures with atomic-level precision, and thereupon to design different active sites to promote the overall performances.Here, we compare SASCs with clusters/nanoparticles in term of their catalytic behaviors, and systematically interpret the impacts of the microscopic structures of SASCs on catalytic performances. Subsequently, we summarize the reports on synergistic catalysis over diatomic, multiatomic sites, single-atom alloys, and atomic interfaces, and highlight the great significance of in situ characterization technologies for monitoring the active sites. Finally, we discuss the limitations, development trends, and future challenges of SASCs, and present an outlook on further constructing more sophisticated active sites for more complex catalytic reactions. ADVANTAGES OF SINGLE-ATOMIC SITE CATALYSISComparison between Single-Atomic-Site Catalysts and Cluster/Nanoparticle Catalysts Conventional heterogeneous catalysts typically include cluster catalysts and nanoparticle (NP) catalysts, which, compared with their homogeneous counterparts,

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