“…Furthermore, some investigations have exposed that their synthetized NPs could have the potential to be used either as a catheter coating or as a systemic administration drug. However, they need to expand their in vitro and in vivo evidence for their approval for their clinical use as UTIs treatment (Sivaraj et al, 2014;Li et al, 2014;Qasim et al, 2015;Turcheniuk et al, 2015;Malarkodi and Rajeshkumar, 2017;Al Tameemi et al, 2017;Nsayef Muslim et al, 2017;Lopez-Carrizales et al, 2018;Mishra and Padhy, 2018;Rahman et al, 2018;Tiwari et al, 2018;El-Batal et al, 2019;Rajivgandhi et al, 2019). Other inorganic NPs have also shown a great potential like adjuvants in combination therapy with antibiotics (Bhande et al, 2013;Paralikar et al, 2019).…”