Structural Characterization of Large Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. Part 2: Solvent-Separated Fractions of Coal Tar Pitch and Naphthalene-Derived Pitch

Gargiulo, Valentina; Apicella, B.; Stanzione, Fernando; Tregrossi, A.; Millán, Marcos; Ciajolo, A.

doi:10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5b02576

Cited by 54 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Briefly, Iar is the aromatic hydrogen index, and CH 3 /CH 2 ratio is the aliphatic side chain index, obtained from the ratios of integrated absorbance peak areas. CH 3 /CH 2 can be considered as an estimate of the length of aliphatic chains of spinnable pitch . The calculation method can be described as follows:

Iar = Abs \times 3050 {cm}^{- 1} / ((), Abs \times 3050 {cm}^{- 1} + Abs \times 2920 {cm}^{- 1})

{CH}_{3} / {CH}_{2} = Abs \times 2950 {cm}^{- 1} band / Abs \times 2920 {cm}^{- 1} band

…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and characterization of spinnable pitch for general‐purpose carbon fiber from refined pitch

Zhu

Zhao

et al. 2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Four types of spinnable pitches (MP‐N‐A, MP‐A, MP‐A‐H, and MP‐A‐N) for general‐purpose carbon fiber have been prepared under certain conditions with the refined pitch as the raw materials. Fourier transform infrared spectrum and solid‐state nuclear magnetic resonance spectra combined with curve‐fitting analysis have been used to characterize the average molecular structure (Iar, CH3/CH2, SAR, and SHFG) of spinnable pitches. Thermogravimetric analyses and polarizing microscope have been used to observe the thermal stability and the microstructure of spinnable pitches, respectively. The X‐ray diffraction combined with curve‐fitting analysis have showed that, the stacking heights (Lc) of these four kinds of spinnable pitches were 2.21, 1.78, 1.79, and 1.76 nm, respectively. The parallel layers (N) of each spinnable pitch were 7.30, 6.02, 6.06, and 5.97. What is more, the numbers of aromatic ring in each layer (n) were 17.03, 11.61, 11.75, and 11.41. Finally, the scanning electron microscopy has been used to characterize the surface morphology of carbon fibers which obtained by each spinnable pitches. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47880.

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Iar = Abs \times 3050 {cm}^{- 1} / ((), Abs \times 3050 {cm}^{- 1} + Abs \times 2920 {cm}^{- 1})

{CH}_{3} / {CH}_{2} = Abs \times 2950 {cm}^{- 1} band / Abs \times 2920 {cm}^{- 1} band

…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and characterization of spinnable pitch for general‐purpose carbon fiber from refined pitch

Zhu

Zhao

et al. 2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…Nevertheless, it is noticeable that the absorption decrease for organic carbon is not as steep as in the case of standard PAH. This is shown in Figure 5 where the spectra of bulk particulate, soot and organic carbon fractions are contrasted with the spectra of two-to seven-ring standard PAH mixture (<300 u, < 24 C atoms), and large PAH (>300u, >20-24 C atoms) featuring the heptane-soluble (200-500 u) and toluene-soluble fractions (300-700 u) of a coal tar pitch (CP) [64]. In comparison to small-and medium-size PAH the broadening and shift at lower energy of the band edge for the organic carbon lead to the presumption of the presence of PAH aggregates [73].…”

Section: Organic Carbon B Sootmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical properties of organic carbon and soot produced in an inverse diffusion flame

Russo

Apicella

Lighty

et al. 2017

Carbon

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The carbonaceous matter (soot plus organic carbon) sampled downstream of an ethylene inverse diffusion flame (IDF) was chemically and spectroscopically analyzed in detail. In particular, the H/C ratio, the UV-Visible absorption coefficient and Raman parameters were measured and found to be representative of a highly disordered sp 2-rich carbon as the early soot sampled in a premixed flame. In contrast, the optical band gap was found to be relatively low (0.7eV), closer to the optical band gap of graphite than to that of medium-sized polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (>2eV) which are widely considered to be soot precursors and are mostly contained in the organic carbon. The significance of the optical band gap as signature of different structural levels (nano-, micro-and macro-structure) of sp 2-rich aromatic disordered carbons was critically analyzed in reference to their molecular weight/size distribution. The relevance of the optical band analysis to the study of the soot formation mechanism was also highlighted.

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“…While the treatment for lung cancer has been greatly improved, the 5‐year average survival rate of lung cancer patients was still low . Coal tar pitch (CTP), a by‐product in the smoking process, is a crude material used in paint, rubber, synthon, medication, and heat‐resistant materials . And it has been confirmed that CTP extract constitutes polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (87.91%) and the remaining (12.09%) including monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, heterocyclic compounds and alkenes using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LncRNA‐ENST00000501520 promotes the proliferation of malignant‐transformed BEAS‐2B cells induced with coal tar pitch mediated by target genes

Zhang

Meng

et al. 2019

Environmental Toxicology

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As a human carcinogen, coal tar pitch (CTP) can significantly increase the risk of lung cancer. However, the mechanism underlying CTP‐induced lung carcinogenesis has not been well understood. This study aims to explore the role of the LncRNA‐ENST00000501520 in the proliferation of malignant‐transformed human bronchial epithelial cells (BAES‐2B) induced by CTP extract for the first time. BEAS‐2B cells were stimulated with 2.4 μg/mL CTP extract, and then passaged for three times, which were named passage 1 and then passaged until passage 30 (named as CTP group). The ENST000001520 of cells in CTP group was interfered using siRNA. The results showed that ENST000001520 located in cell nucleus (>80%) had no or weak ability of protein encoding. After interference of ENST000001520, the migration and proliferation of cells in CTP group were inhibited, and the cell cycle was arrested in the G0/G1 phase; however, the apoptosis of cells in CTP group was promoted. The target genes (SKB1, CLTB, TAP2, PIPK2, and SOCS3) of ENST000001520 were screened out, and the mRNA and protein expression of SBK1 and SOCS3 was significantly decreased after ENST000001520 interference. SBK1 and SOCS3 may play a promoting role in occurrence and development of cancers. The study suggests that LncRNA‐ENST00000501520 could promote the proliferation in malignant‐transformed BEAS‐2B cells induced with CTP extract which may be mediated by target genes. This study may provide a new target for prevention and treatment of lung cancer.

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Structural Characterization of Large Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. Part 2: Solvent-Separated Fractions of Coal Tar Pitch and Naphthalene-Derived Pitch

Cited by 54 publications

References 45 publications

Preparation and characterization of spinnable pitch for general‐purpose carbon fiber from refined pitch

Preparation and characterization of spinnable pitch for general‐purpose carbon fiber from refined pitch

Optical properties of organic carbon and soot produced in an inverse diffusion flame

LncRNA‐ENST00000501520 promotes the proliferation of malignant‐transformed BEAS‐2B cells induced with coal tar pitch mediated by target genes

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