Striking antibody evasion manifested by the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2

Abstract

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Dynamic Expedition of Leading Mutations in SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoproteins

“…[37,45,48] Mutation in either border of this region have been reported as part of VoC/VoI(A67V(η, o) G75V&T76I(λ)), which is reported to harm mAbs binding in o variant. [30] In our results, site 77 also shows high level of concern as it may result in similar effects. Study has also report mutation T95I, G142D and ∆142 − 145 reduce neutralizing antibodies targeting.…”

“…A recent work on o variant with mutation ∆142 − 144&Y 145D also confirmed the vulnerability this region. [30] In spite of the relative conserved site N149, which provide crucial a glycan shielding for the region, most of the sites here show very high mutation diversity, as we can see from the s in Fig. 2 lower panel.…”

“…For instance, three deletion mutations ∆69 − 70, ∆142 − 144 and ∆211 are part of o variant, which are reported to escape most neutralizing mAbs. [30,31] Notably, not only the size of these four RDRs has expanded, but also new RDRs have appeared in SOI as shown in Fig. 2 and Fig.…”

“…Despite that additional 50k sequences from Sep. 2021 onwards are still being processed, a large number of spike mutations of this striking variant have already appeared in our preliminary results, which is claimed to be responsible for the escape of majority of existing neutralizing antibodies, posing a serious threat to the development of vaccines and therapies. [30][31][32] Those key mutations are the crucial contributors for the race of fitness and provides insight [33,34] into how SARS-CoV-2 is changing and how the pandemic will unfold in the future. [35] Spike NTD mutations.…”

“…Study has also report mutation T95I, G142D and ∆142 − 145 reduce neutralizing antibodies targeting. [30] Sites 97, 98 and 112 are also included in our SOI as there is T95I(o, ι, µ) nearby and 112 has been showing a increasing trend in the spreading mutation cluster from the observation in Emerging Variants in GISAID. [9] Region 140 − 158, located in N3 loop, has been classified as part of beta-hairpin of antigenic surpersite, a common shared epitopes targeted by many mAbs, [36] such as 4A8 (targeting 144-147 and 150).…”