Stress-strain behaviour of natural rubber vulcanized in the swollen state

Price, Colin; Allen, G. C.; Candia, F. De; Kirkham, M. C.; Subramaniam, Akila

doi:10.1016/0032-3861(70)90053-4

Cited by 58 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Solution vulcanization of swollen natural rubber (Price, et al. [ 18] ) yields an elastomer which, in the dry state, is in much closer agreement with the statistical theory of rubber elasticity (C2 = 0) than is the case with vulcanizates prepared in the dry state in good agreement with former investigations [ 19] . The very low values of C2 (~0.10) in contrast to the value about 1 observed for samples crosslinked in the dry state seem to be a consequence of the reduced fraction of mechanically entangled chains yielding transient cross-links.…”

Section: Elastic Deformationsupporting

confidence: 74%

Mechanical Properties of Polymeric Solids

Peterlin

1972

Journal of Elastoplastics

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A short survey is given of the correlation between mechanical properties and molecular model of homopolymer solids in rubbery, glassy and crystalline state. Particular emphasis is given to the plastic deformation of crystalline solids and the mechanical properties of the fibrous structure obtained by such deformation. The main difference between the spherulitic and the fibrous morphology, which explains the enormous difference in elastic modulus and strength, is not the crystallinity, crystal structure and orientation, but the fact that the basic element of the former structure is the extremely thin and easily deformable crystal lamella and, in the latter case, the very long and strong microfibril. The deformation of the fibrous structure is only possible by the sliding motion of microfibrils which is opposed by the autoadhesion forces between adjacent microfibrils over their full length or by fracture of microfibrils; which demands the rupture of the intrafibrillar tie molecules constituting a much larger fraction of the total number of chains of the crystal lattice than in the case of spherulitic morphology.

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Section: Elastic Deformationsupporting

confidence: 74%

Mechanical Properties of Polymeric Solids

Peterlin

1972

Journal of Elastoplastics

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“…Elastically Ineffective Cross-Links in Rubbers Alan E. Tonelli* and Eugene Helfand Bell Laboratories, Murray Hill, New Jersey 07974. Received September 14,1973 ABSTRACT: A significant fraction of the cross-links formed in the process of producing a rubbery network are elastically ineffective. The reason is that they close intramolecular loops which are not otherwise attached to the rest of the network.…”

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confidence: 99%

Elastically Ineffective Cross-Links in Rubbers

Tonelli¹,

Helfand²

1974

Macromolecules

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“…These phenomena should then phenomenologically be accounted for by writing (a) = h app + (1 -h) (app apl) '12 (31) where apv and avl were defined to describe polymer- From these results it is shown that some of the universal features of the phantom network are still preserved in the van der Waals approach:…”

Section: ----(32) H--(v 2+2v(1_v)) 2-vmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Based on numerous experiments it is evidenced that every real network is as well characterized by molecular structure properties like the average cross-link functionality [5,6]. It was also found that the energy stored within the network on swelling varies for different solvent molecules [24,26,27,[30][31][32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The use of the van der Waals model to elucidate universal aspects of structure-property relationships in simply extended dry and swollen rubbers

Kilian

Enderle

Unseld

1986

Colloid & Polymer Sci

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Abstract:The phenomenological Mooney-Rivlin parameters Ci were interpreted in terms of the van der Waals theory of networks elucidating that they are related to the effects of finite chain extensibility and cross-link fluctuations. This conclusion is empirically proven by a quantitative description of the Mooney-Rivlin parameters as derived for endlinked PDMS model networks covering a broad range of crosslinkage functionality. The empirical relationship between the van der Waals interaction parameter "a" and the average functionality then also allows a fine characterization of rubbers in use. The representation of a number of different experimental Mooney-Rivlin parameters is equivalent to having achieved a consistent characterization of networks in the range of very small strains up to largest extensions.From the description of stress-strain properties of swollen networks it is indicated that the presence of small solvent molecules, on the one hand, depresses the relative fluctuations of the crosslinks. The "deformation" due to swelling reduces, on the other hand, the maximum strain in a predictable dependence of the degree of swelling.

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Stress-strain behaviour of natural rubber vulcanized in the swollen state

Cited by 58 publications

References 5 publications

Mechanical Properties of Polymeric Solids

Mechanical Properties of Polymeric Solids

Elastically Ineffective Cross-Links in Rubbers

The use of the van der Waals model to elucidate universal aspects of structure-property relationships in simply extended dry and swollen rubbers

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