Streptomyces benahoarensis sp. nov. Isolated From a Lava Tube of La Palma, Canary Islands, Spain

Abstract

Two Streptomyces strains, labeled as MZ03-37T and MZ03-48, were isolated from two different samples, a mucolite-type speleothem and a microbial mat on the walls of a lava tube from La Palma Island (Canary Islands). Phylogenetic analysis based on concatenated sequences of six housekeeping genes indicated that both strains belonged to the same species. The closest relatives for both strains were Streptomyces palmae CMU-AB204T (98.71%), Streptomyces catenulae NRRL B-2342T (98.35%), and Streptomyces ramulosus NRRL B-2714T (98.35%). Multi-locus sequence analysis (MLSA), based on five house-keeping gene alleles (i.e., atpD, gyrB, recA, rpoB, and trpB), indicated that both isolated strains were closely related to S. catenulae NRRL B-2342T. Whole-genome average nucleotide identity (ANI) scores of both strains were in the threshold value for species delineation with the closest species. Both strains presented a G+C content of 72.1 mol%. MZ03-37T was light brown in substrate and white in aerial mycelium, whereas MZ03-48 developed a black aerial and substrate mycelium. No pigment diffusion was observed in both strains. They grew at 10°C−37°C (optimum 28°C−32°C) and in the presence of up to 15% (w/v) NaCl. MZ03-37T grew at pH 5–10 (optimal 6–9), whereas MZ03-48 grew at pH 4–11 (optimal 5–10). LL-Diaminopimelic acid was the main diamino acid identified. The predominant fatty acids in both strains were iso-C16:0, anteiso-C15:0, C16:0, and iso-C14:0. The major isoprenoid quinones were MK-9(H6) and MK-9(H8), and the main polar lipids were aminolipid, phospholipid, and phosphoglycolipid. In silico analyses for functional annotation predicted the presence of gene clusters involved in resistome mechanisms and in the synthesis of described antimicrobials such as linocin-M18 and curamycin, as well as different genes likely involved in mechanisms for active compound synthesis, both already described and not discovered so far. On the basis of their phylogenetic relatedness and their phenotypic and genotypic features, the strains MZ03-37T and MZ03-48 represented a novel species within the genus Streptomyces, for which the name Streptomyces benahoarensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is MZ03-37T (= CECT 9805 = DSMZ 8002); and MZ03-48 (= CECT 9806 = DSMZ 8011) is a reference strain.

Characterizing corn-straw-degrading actinomycetes and evaluating application efficiency in straw-returning experiments

“…In G1 and G2, the predominant respiratory quinones were MK-9(H 6 ) and MK-9(H 8 ), whereas, G3 was distinguishable from the other two strains by lower amounts of MK-9(H 4 ) ( Supplementary Figures S2D–F ). This finding is consistent with a report about multiple taxonomic identification of S. benahoarensis MZ03-37 T , which was screened from a special habitat in a lava tube of La Palma ( Gonzalez-Pimentel et al, 2022 ). The predominant polar lipids of G1 and G2 were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidyl inositol mannoside and other unidentified lipids, which were present in slightly different proportions in the two strains ( Supplementary Figures S3A,B ).…”

Microbiological exploration of the Cueva del Viento lava tube system in Tenerife, Canary Islands

“…Notably, Streptomyces benahoarensis was originally isolated from a lava tube on La Palma (Canary Islands, Spain). This species plays an important role in the resistome, contributing to the synthesis of active compounds, and is known for producing antimicrobial substances, such as linocin‐M18 and curamycin (Gonzalez‐Pimentel et al, 2022 ). S. apricus , on the other hand, was isolated from soils sampled in Wisconsin (USA) (Hariharan et al, 2022 ).…”

“…In the United States, numerous lava tubes have been explored, particularly in Hawaii, where volcanic activity is ongoing (Léveillé & Datta, 2010 ; Northup & Lavoie, 2015 ; Riquelme, Rigal, et al, 2015 ). Other locations that contain lava tubes and have been the subject of geomicrobiological studies include the Canary Islands, Spain (Gonzalez‐Pimentel et al, 2018 ; Gonzalez‐Pimentel et al, 2021 ; Gonzalez‐Pimentel et al, 2022 ), Easter Island, Chile (Miller et al, 2014 ), Italy (Nicolosi et al, 2023 ), the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador (Miller et al, 2020 ; Miller et al, 2022 ), Iceland (Kopacz et al, 2022 ) and the Azores, Portugal (Hathaway et al, 2014 ; Riquelme, Marshall Hathaway, et al, 2015 ).…”

The geomicrobiology of limestone, sulfuric acid speleogenetic, and volcanic caves: basic concepts and future perspectives

“…Production of novel add-value secondary metabolites has been documented in cave isolates, including cervimycins by Streptomyces tendae in a limestone cave from Grotta dei Cervi, Italy ( Herold et al, 2005 ), xiakemycin and huanglongmycin by Streptomyces sp. CC8-201 from karst caves in China ( Jiang et al, 2018 ), hypogeamicins by Nonomuraea species from Hardin’s cave system in Tennessee, USA ( Derewacz et al, 2014 ), and curamycin by Streptomyces benahoarensis from a lava tube in La Palma Island (Canary Islands), Spain ( Gonzalez-Pimentel et al, 2022 ). Recently, Cyanobacterota isolates from the lightened walls of the Stiffe cave in Italy were found to produce poly-β hydroxybutyrate for potential use in bioplastics production ( Djebaili et al, 2022 ).…”