Streptococcus agalactiae endocarditis

Machado, C; Almeida, Carla; Santos, Emília; Pelicano, Nuno; Dourado, Raquel; Martins, Dinis

doi:10.1016/j.repce.2012.07.001

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 9 publications

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“…Typically, it has an acute onset and an aggressive course, and mortality of up to 50% is reported 3 6 7. It can result in severe valvular destruction, and early cardiac surgery is often advised 7 8. Multiple large case series of S agalactiae endocarditis describe almost all cases in immunocompromised patients with cardiac defects or with an underlying debilitating illness 3 6 7 9–11.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Streptococcus agalactiaeendocarditis presenting as acalculous cholecystitis in a previously well woman

et al. 2013

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This case report describes the unusual presentation of a previously very well woman with Streptococcus agalactiae endocarditis in the emergency department. History, examination and preliminary laboratory and radiological investigations supported a diagnosis of acalculous cholecystitis, for which she was given intravenous broad spectrum antimicrobial therapy. One day following admission, the patient deteriorated and became unresponsive. Subsequent MRI of the brain revealed multiple bihemispheric cerebral emboli and a large, mobile mitral valve thrombus was visualised on her transoesophageal echocardiogram. S agalactiae was cultured from venous blood samples and her antimicrobial cover was adjusted accordingly. Despite her presumed guarded prognosis, this patient made a remarkable recovery. To our knowledge, the association of S agalactiae endocarditis with acalculous cholecystitis has not been previously described.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Streptococcus agalactiaeendocarditis presenting as acalculous cholecystitis in a previously well woman

et al. 2013

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Endocytosis‒Mediated Invasion and Pathogenicity of Streptococcus agalactiae in Rat Cardiomyocyte (H9C2)

et al. 2015

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Streptococcus agalactiae infection causes high mortality in cardiovascular disease (CVD) patients, especially in case of setting prosthetic valve during cardiac surgery. However, the pathogenesis mechanism of S. agalactiae associate with CVD has not been well studied. Here, we have demonstrated the pathogenicity of S. agalactiae in rat cardiomyocytes (H9C2). Interestingly, both live and dead cells of S. agalactiae were uptaken by H9C2 cells. To further dissect the process of S. agalactiae internalization, we chemically inhibited discrete parts of cellular uptake system in H9C2 cells using genistein, chlorpromazine, nocodazole and cytochalasin B. Chemical inhibition of microtubule and actin formation by nocodazole and cytochalasin B impaired S. agalactiae internalization into H9C2 cells. Consistently, reverse‒ transcription PCR (RT‒PCR) and quantitative real time‒PCR (RT-qPCR) analyses also detected higher levels of transcripts for cytoskeleton forming genes, Acta1 and Tubb5 in S. agalactiae‒infected H9C2 cells, suggesting the requirement of functional cytoskeleton in pathogenesis. Host survival assay demonstrated that S. agalactiae internalization induced cytotoxicity in H9C2 cells. S. agalactiae cells grown with benzyl penicillin reduced its ability to internalize and induce cytotoxicity in H9C2 cells, which could be attributed with the removal of surface lipoteichoic acid (LTA) from S. agalactiae. Further, the LTA extracted from S. agalactiae also exhibited dose‒dependent cytotoxicity in H9C2 cells. Taken together, our data suggest that S. agalactiae cells internalized H9C2 cells through energy‒dependent endocytic processes and the LTA of S. agalactiae play major role in host cell internalization and cytotoxicity induction.

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Streptococcus agalactiae endocarditis

Cited by 2 publications

References 9 publications

Streptococcus agalactiaeendocarditis presenting as acalculous cholecystitis in a previously well woman

Streptococcus agalactiaeendocarditis presenting as acalculous cholecystitis in a previously well woman

Endocytosis‒Mediated Invasion and Pathogenicity of Streptococcus agalactiae in Rat Cardiomyocyte (H9C2)

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