Strategies from small-area to scalable fabrication for perovskite solar cells

Yao, Huanhuan; Shi, Shenghuan; Li, Zhizai; Ci, Zhipeng; Zhu, Ge; Ding, Liming; Jin, Zhiwen

doi:10.1016/j.jechem.2020.08.033

Cited by 24 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 138 publications

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“…Benefiting from the advantages of the 1-NA spacer, we fabricated 2D (n = 4) RP 1-NA-Pb and PEA-Pb perovskite films by one-step spin coating using methylammonium chloride (MACl) in isopropanol (IPA) solution as an anti-solvent to induce crystal growth. [36][37][38][39] To explore whether NH⋯I hydrogen bonding interactions exist between the PEA + /1-NA + cations and the inorganic layer, a series of characterizations were performed. Figure 2a displays the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of PEA-Pb and 1-NA-Pb powder scraped from glass substrate.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Multiple‐Ring Aromatic Spacer Based 2D Ruddlesden–Popper CsPbI₃Solar Cell with Record Efficiency Beyond 16%

Yao

Shi

et al. 2022

Adv Funct Materials

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Two-dimensional (2D) Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) CsPbI 3 perovskite possesses superior phase stability by introducing steric hindrance. However, due to the quantum and dielectric confinement effect, 2D structures usually exhibit large exciton binding energy, and the charge tunneling barrier across the organic interlayer is difficult to eliminate, resulting in poor charge transport and performance. Here, a multiple-ring aromatic ammonium, 1-naphthylamine (1-NA) spacer is developed for 2D RP CsPbI 3 perovskite solar cell (PSC). Theoretical simulations and experimental characterizations demonstrate that the 2D RP CsPbI 3 perovskite using 1-NA spacer with extended π-conjugation lengths reduces the exciton binding energy and facilitates the efficient separation of excitons. In addition, its cations have a significant contribution to the conduction band, which can reduce the bandgap, promote electronic coupling between organic and inorganic layers, and improve interlayer charge transport. Importantly, the strong π-π conjugation of 1-NA spacer can enhance intermolecular interactions and hydrogen bonding, and prepare high-quality films with preferred vertical orientation, resulting in lower defect density, and directional charge transport. As a result, the (1-NA) 2 (Cs) 3 Pb 4 I 13 PSC exhibits a record 16.62% performance with enhanced stability. This work provides an efficient approach to improve charge transport and device performance by developing multiple-ring aromatic spacers.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Multiple‐Ring Aromatic Spacer Based 2D Ruddlesden–Popper CsPbI₃Solar Cell with Record Efficiency Beyond 16%

Yao

Shi

et al. 2022

Adv Funct Materials

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“…UV–vis spectroscopy shows a stronger absorption intensity of the PHA-Pb film, which is ascribed to the stronger hydrogen-bonding interactions that improved the quality of PHA-Pb film with a better light absorption in the visible light range, and helps generate more charge carriers . The PL based on the glass/FTO/perovskite structure shows that the enhanced PL intensity of the PHA-Pb film means that the PHA-Pb film exhibits superior optoelectronic properties with increased charge carriers and suppressed nonradiative trap-assisted recombination. − To further characterize the 2D structure of PHA-Pb and PA-Pb films, we also performed the UV–vis and PL spectroscopy from the back side (glass side) in Figure S4. We could find the low-dimensional phase appearing near the substrate side, which indicates the 2D structure formation for both films.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel PHA Organic Spacer Increases Interlayer Interactions for High Efficiency in 2D Ruddlesden–Popper CsPbI₃ Solar Cells

Yao

Peng

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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The two-dimensional (2D) Ruddlesden–Popper (RP) CsPbI3 with hydrophobic organic spacers can significantly improve the environmental and phase stability of photovoltaic devices by suppressing ion migration and inducing steric hindrance. However, due to the multiple-quantum-well structure, these spacer cations lead to weak interactions in 2D RP CsPbI3, which seriously affect the carrier transport. Here, a novel N–H-group-rich phenylhydrazine spacer, namely, PHA, was developed for 2D RP CsPbI3 perovskite solar cells (PSCs). A series of characterizations confirm that the 2D perovskites using PHA spacers enhanced the N–H···I hydrogen-bonding interaction between the organic spacer cations and the [PbI6]4– inorganic layer and accelerated the crystallization rate of the perovskite film, which was beneficial to the preparation of high-quality films with preferred vertical orientation, large grain size, and dense morphology. Meanwhile, the trap state density of the as-prepared 2D RP perovskite films is significantly reduced to enable efficient charge carrier transport. As a result, the (PHA)2Cs4Pb5I16 PSCs achieved a performance of 16.23% with good environmental stability. This work provides a simple organic spacer selection scheme to realize interaction optimization in 2D RP CsPbI3 to develop efficient and stable PSCs.

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“…The slope of the optimized device 1.55 k B T/q is remarkably smaller than that of the reference device (2.63 k B T/q), where k B is Boltzmann's constant, T is temperature, and q is the elementary charge. [45][46][47] This result indicates that trap-assisted carrier recombination is inhibited after the fluorosubstitution bulky cation introduction in the optimized film. The transient photocurrent (TPC) measurement was deployed to measure the charge carrier transient time, as shown in Figure 4b.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorosubstitution Boosting 2D Ruddlesden–Popper CsPbI₃ with High Stability and Efficiency

Shi

Kang

et al. 2022

Solar RRL

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Since the first CsPbX 3 perovskite solar cells (PSCs) made a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 2.9% in 2015, their performance skyrocketed to an unprecedented value beyond 20%. [1,2] However, the black-phase CsPbX 3 tends to transfer into the nonperovskite phase at room temperature resulting in deterioration of photovoltaic performance. [3][4][5] To overcome these defects, massive efforts have been made by researchers, including developing new counterparts such as Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) CsPbI 3 and Dion-Jacobson (DJ) CsPbI 3 . [6,7] These types of 2D CsPbI 3 show improved stability for its hydrophobicity of the bulk aliphatic or alkylammonium cations (e.g., phenylethylammonium)), which would induce steric hindrance effect against the phase-transition process. [6][7][8] However, every coin has two sides. The organic cations also induce poor migration of photogenerated carriers in the perovskite film, which results in the low PCE of corresponding devices. [9][10][11][12] Recently, bulky-cation engineering is usually used to improve the carrier transition process of 2D perovskites (especially 2D RP type) by introducing organic cations with different sizes, charges, and shapes. Their carrier behaviors are improved in terms of their different suitabilities of hydrogen-bonding capacity, stereochemical configuration, and space-filling capability. [13][14][15] Li et al. demonstrated a novel bulky organic cation of 3-aminopropionitrile (3-APN) to construct pure 2D (3-APN) 2 PbI 4 with small I⋯I distance and favorable growth direction. 3-APN cation also induces intramolecular hydrogen bonding to align the energy level of the device for effective interfacial charge transfer. [16] Recently, Ren et al. presented a new bulky alkylammonium of 2-(methylthio) ethylamine hydrochloride (MTEACl) to realize sulfur-sulfur interaction, which enhanced charge transport and stabilized its framework. [17] Also, Xu et al. developed a series of multiplering aromatic ammoniums of 1-naphthalenemethylammonium (NpMA) and 9-anthracenemethylammonium (AnMA) to explore their difference in carrier behavior. It benefited from the hydrogen bonding formation between organic cations and inorganic layers, which ensured ultrafast exciton migration process for exciton separation, charge transition, and collection. [18] However, the exploration of organic cations in CsPbX 3 is limited to the common cations of PEA þ and BA þ . Some of the novel functional groups designed in organic cations could induce fantastic photoelectronic properties and device improvement as well.The chemical tuning of the spacer organic cation with fluoro (F) substitution has been widely explored for improving the basic properties of A-site cations. [19] Pan et al. demonstrated that F-substitution PEA þ is beneficial to improving the visible

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Strategies from small-area to scalable fabrication for perovskite solar cells

Cited by 24 publications

References 138 publications

A Novel Multiple‐Ring Aromatic Spacer Based 2D Ruddlesden–Popper CsPbI₃Solar Cell with Record Efficiency Beyond 16%

A Novel Multiple‐Ring Aromatic Spacer Based 2D Ruddlesden–Popper CsPbI₃Solar Cell with Record Efficiency Beyond 16%

Novel PHA Organic Spacer Increases Interlayer Interactions for High Efficiency in 2D Ruddlesden–Popper CsPbI₃ Solar Cells

Fluorosubstitution Boosting 2D Ruddlesden–Popper CsPbI₃ with High Stability and Efficiency

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Strategies from small-area to scalable fabrication for perovskite solar cells

Cited by 24 publications

References 138 publications

A Novel Multiple‐Ring Aromatic Spacer Based 2D Ruddlesden–Popper CsPbI3Solar Cell with Record Efficiency Beyond 16%

A Novel Multiple‐Ring Aromatic Spacer Based 2D Ruddlesden–Popper CsPbI3Solar Cell with Record Efficiency Beyond 16%

Novel PHA Organic Spacer Increases Interlayer Interactions for High Efficiency in 2D Ruddlesden–Popper CsPbI3 Solar Cells

Fluorosubstitution Boosting 2D Ruddlesden–Popper CsPbI3 with High Stability and Efficiency

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A Novel Multiple‐Ring Aromatic Spacer Based 2D Ruddlesden–Popper CsPbI₃Solar Cell with Record Efficiency Beyond 16%

A Novel Multiple‐Ring Aromatic Spacer Based 2D Ruddlesden–Popper CsPbI₃Solar Cell with Record Efficiency Beyond 16%

Novel PHA Organic Spacer Increases Interlayer Interactions for High Efficiency in 2D Ruddlesden–Popper CsPbI₃ Solar Cells

Fluorosubstitution Boosting 2D Ruddlesden–Popper CsPbI₃ with High Stability and Efficiency