Strategi Pemenuhan Ruang Terbuka Hijau Publik di Kota Yogyakarta

Abstract

Green open space (GOS) is one of the important elements in land allocation in each region which functions to maintain the balance of the ecosystem. In accordance with statutory provisions, the quantity of GOS is set at 30% of total area in each region covering 20% of public GOS and 10% private GOS. Most regions have not succeeded in fulfilling the stipulated quantity of GOS, including Yogyakarta City which has only reached public GOS of 17,78 % in 2014. This study aims to identify the existing public GOS and the strategies undertaken to fulfill the provision of public GOS. The descriptive approach was applied in this study and aims to gain two types of data consisting of existing area of public GOS and strategy in providing public GOS implemented in Yogyakarta City. Existing public GOS was collected by interpreting of Quickbird images which were digitized and validated by a ground survey, while the strategy data in providing public GOS was obtained through secondary sources of Spatial Planning and Land Service reports in 2018-2019. Image interpretation has resulted in data of public GOS of 220.45 ha or 6.64%, making it still has a backlog of 435.04 ha to reach the requirement. Strategies to increase the public GOS were implemented through planting trees along roads/railways, land acquisition for green area in the settlement, and clearing river borders from building. This program increased the public GOS by 0.064%, indicating that the process was quite slow, and the area obtained was not significant. Another strategy is needed by starting to think of alternative solution through private GOS. ABSTRAKRuang terbuka hijau (RTH) menjadi salah satu fungsi penting dalam alokasi peruntukan setiap wilayah yang berfungsi menjaga keseimbangan ekosistem. Sesuai ketentuan peraturan perundangan, ditetapkan besaran 30% untuk fungsi RTH dengan proporsi 20% RTH publik dan 10% RTH privat. Dalam pelaksanaannya sebagian besar wilayah belum berhasil memenuhi capaian sesuai besaran yang ditetapkan. RTH publik Kota Yogyakarta berdasar data tahun 2014 mencapai 17,78 %. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui besaran RTH publik dan mengidentifikasi strategi yang dilakukan dalam rangka memenuhi penyediaan RTH publik untuk mencapai target yang disyaratkan. Menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mendapatkan dua jenis data mencakup data luas eksisting RTH publik dan data strategi penyediaan RTH. Data luas RTH diperoleh melalui interpretasi citra Quickbird yang didigitasi dan divalidasi dengan ground survey, sementara data strategi penyediaan RTH diperoleh melalui sumber sekunder dari laporan Dinas Tata Ruang dan Pertanahan 2018-2019. Interpretasi citra menghasilkan data luas RTH publik Kota Yogyakarta sebesar 220,45 ha atau sebesar 6,64%, sehingga masih memiliki backlog RTH publik seluas 435.04 ha. Strategi untuk meningkatkan luas RTH publik melalui penanaman pohon di sepanjang jalan/KA, pembebasan tanah untuk area hijau di permukiman, dan pembebasan sempadan sungai dari bangunan untuk refungsi menjadi RTH yang menghasilkan kenaikan sebesar 0,063%. Peningkatan yang terjadi cukup lambat dan luasan yang diperoleh belum mampu menambah luasan RTH publik secara signifikan. Diperlukan strategi lain untuk meningkatkan RTH dengan mulai berpikir alternatif melalui peningkatan RTH privat.

Comparative Study of Indonesia and Denmark in Creating a Smart Environment

“…The minimum portion of green open space in a city is 30 percent, as regulated in Law Number 26 of 2007 concerning Spatial Planning. Meanwhile, efforts made by Indonesia to restore green open spaces still use manual techniques, such as replanting trees in urban areas and providing socialization to increase public awareness regarding green open spaces[43,44]. Replacing open land with land used for settlements is also a city government strategy in Indonesia[45].…”