Strain differences in the effect of mercury on murine cell-mediated immune reactions

Dental amalgam implantation and thyroid autoimmunity

“…Although mercury is known as immunosupressant, it was also shown to be stimulant to cellular and humoral immune system and even was regarded as responsible for autoimmunity (13). Many immunological effects caused by implantation of the amalgam such as hyperimmunglobulinemia, development of serum autoantibodies with a nucleolar pattern/ anti fi brillarin antibodies (ANoA/ AFA), potentiation of mitogen induced lymphocyte proliferation and increased expression of class II molecules are consistent with the known effects of mercuric chloride on immune system in genetically susceptible mice and rats (17,18,19). Alloy/amalgam implantation or directly amalgam including mercuric chloride in SJL mice has precipitated the presence of serum autoantibodies with a nucleolar pattern (ANoA) against fi brillarin (20).…”

Dental amalgam implantation and thyroid autoimmunity

“…Although mercury is known as immunosupressant, it was also shown to be stimulant to cellular and humoral immune system and even was regarded as responsible for autoimmunity (13). Many immunological effects caused by implantation of the amalgam such as hyperimmunglobulinemia, development of serum autoantibodies with a nucleolar pattern/ anti fi brillarin antibodies (ANoA/ AFA), potentiation of mitogen induced lymphocyte proliferation and increased expression of class II molecules are consistent with the known effects of mercuric chloride on immune system in genetically susceptible mice and rats (17,18,19). Alloy/amalgam implantation or directly amalgam including mercuric chloride in SJL mice has precipitated the presence of serum autoantibodies with a nucleolar pattern (ANoA) against fi brillarin (20).…”

Immunotoxicity of heavy metals in relation to Great Lakes.

“…Moreover, it was demonstrated that Hg did not change the expression of CD69, an early marker of cell activation, but significantly reduced expression of the IL-2R (70). These results suggested that following the stimuli, very early events in the G1 phase were not affected by Hg, but later G1 events were perturbed (67). An increase of intracellular calcium was observed in human peripheral blood leukocytes exposed for 5 min to Hg (70).…”

In vitro and in vivo effects of mercuric chloride on thymic endocrine activity, NK and NKT cell cytotoxicity, cytokine profiles (IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-6): Role of the nitric oxide-l-arginine pathway

“…In line with the latter finding, the higher dose of Hg 2 + induced a large increment in IL-6 both in vitro and in vivo, a situation that leads to a chronic inflammatory status with imbalance of Th1/Th2 cytokines [58] and eventual development of neoplasms [28] or autoimmune disease [59,60]. Low doses (low exposure to mercury seems to cause autoimmunity [61,62], while high doses affect T cell-mediated immunity [63] favoring infections and cancer [64]. However, high doses of Hg 2 + in Balb/c mice may also lead to autoimmunity coupled with increased IFN-g and consequent imbalance of the Th1/Th2 paradigm [65].…”

Dental amalgam implantation and thyroid autoimmunity

“…Although mercury is known as immunosupressant, it was also shown to be stimulant to cellular and humoral immune system and even was regarded as responsible for autoimmunity (13). Many immunological effects caused by implantation of the amalgam such as hyperimmunglobulinemia, development of serum autoantibodies with a nucleolar pattern/ anti fi brillarin antibodies (ANoA/ AFA), potentiation of mitogen induced lymphocyte proliferation and increased expression of class II molecules are consistent with the known effects of mercuric chloride on immune system in genetically susceptible mice and rats (17,18,19). Alloy/amalgam implantation or directly amalgam including mercuric chloride in SJL mice has precipitated the presence of serum autoantibodies with a nucleolar pattern (ANoA) against fi brillarin (20).…”

Immunotoxicity of heavy metals in relation to Great Lakes.

“…Moreover, it was demonstrated that Hg did not change the expression of CD69, an early marker of cell activation, but significantly reduced expression of the IL-2R (70). These results suggested that following the stimuli, very early events in the G1 phase were not affected by Hg, but later G1 events were perturbed (67). An increase of intracellular calcium was observed in human peripheral blood leukocytes exposed for 5 min to Hg (70).…”

In vitro and in vivo effects of mercuric chloride on thymic endocrine activity, NK and NKT cell cytotoxicity, cytokine profiles (IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-6): Role of the nitric oxide-l-arginine pathway

“…In line with the latter finding, the higher dose of Hg 2 + induced a large increment in IL-6 both in vitro and in vivo, a situation that leads to a chronic inflammatory status with imbalance of Th1/Th2 cytokines [58] and eventual development of neoplasms [28] or autoimmune disease [59,60]. Low doses (low exposure to mercury seems to cause autoimmunity [61,62], while high doses affect T cell-mediated immunity [63] favoring infections and cancer [64]. However, high doses of Hg 2 + in Balb/c mice may also lead to autoimmunity coupled with increased IFN-g and consequent imbalance of the Th1/Th2 paradigm [65].…”

Dental amalgam implantation and thyroid autoimmunity

“…Although mercury is known as immunosupressant, it was also shown to be stimulant to cellular and humoral immune system and even was regarded as responsible for autoimmunity (13). Many immunological effects caused by implantation of the amalgam such as hyperimmunglobulinemia, development of serum autoantibodies with a nucleolar pattern/ anti fi brillarin antibodies (ANoA/ AFA), potentiation of mitogen induced lymphocyte proliferation and increased expression of class II molecules are consistent with the known effects of mercuric chloride on immune system in genetically susceptible mice and rats (17,18,19). Alloy/amalgam implantation or directly amalgam including mercuric chloride in SJL mice has precipitated the presence of serum autoantibodies with a nucleolar pattern (ANoA) against fi brillarin (20).…”

Immunotoxicity of heavy metals in relation to Great Lakes.

“…Moreover, it was demonstrated that Hg did not change the expression of CD69, an early marker of cell activation, but significantly reduced expression of the IL-2R (70). These results suggested that following the stimuli, very early events in the G1 phase were not affected by Hg, but later G1 events were perturbed (67). An increase of intracellular calcium was observed in human peripheral blood leukocytes exposed for 5 min to Hg (70).…”

In vitro and in vivo effects of mercuric chloride on thymic endocrine activity, NK and NKT cell cytotoxicity, cytokine profiles (IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-6): Role of the nitric oxide-l-arginine pathway

“…In line with the latter finding, the higher dose of Hg 2 + induced a large increment in IL-6 both in vitro and in vivo, a situation that leads to a chronic inflammatory status with imbalance of Th1/Th2 cytokines [58] and eventual development of neoplasms [28] or autoimmune disease [59,60]. Low doses (low exposure to mercury seems to cause autoimmunity [61,62], while high doses affect T cell-mediated immunity [63] favoring infections and cancer [64]. However, high doses of Hg 2 + in Balb/c mice may also lead to autoimmunity coupled with increased IFN-g and consequent imbalance of the Th1/Th2 paradigm [65].…”