Stomatal development: a plant's perspective on cell polarity, cell fate transitions and intercellular communication

Lau, On Sun; Bergmann, Dominique C.

doi:10.1242/dev.080523

Cited by 176 publications

(172 citation statements)

References 73 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

170

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…fama, spch, mute, and tmm) in which specific gene mutations have resulted in changes to cell division and differentiation and altered patterns of stomata and epidermal cells, resulting in stomatal pairing or clustering in which the "one-cell-spacing" rule is broken (for review, see Lau and Bergmann, 2012). The one-cell-spacing rule refers to the fact that stomata are separated from each other by a minimum of one cell, enabling efficient stomatal operation (Serna and Fenoll, 2000) and maintaining the efficiency of gas fluxes (Nadeau and Sack, 2002).…”

Section: Stomatal Patterningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stomatal Size, Speed, and Responsiveness Impact on Photosynthesis and Water Use Efficiency

2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The control of gaseous exchange between the leaf and bulk atmosphere by stomata governs CO 2 uptake for photosynthesis and transpiration, determining plant productivity and water use efficiency. The balance between these two processes depends on stomatal responses to environmental and internal cues and the synchrony of stomatal behavior relative to mesophyll demands for CO 2 . Here we examine the rapidity of stomatal responses with attention to their relationship to photosynthetic CO 2 uptake and the consequences for water use. We discuss the influence of anatomical characteristics on the velocity of changes in stomatal conductance and explore the potential for manipulating the physical as well as physiological characteristics of stomatal guard cells in order to accelerate stomatal movements in synchrony with mesophyll CO 2 demand and to improve water use efficiency without substantial cost to photosynthetic carbon fixation. We conclude that manipulating guard cell transport and metabolism is just as, if not more likely to yield useful benefits as manipulations of their physical and anatomical characteristics. Achieving these benefits should be greatly facilitated by quantitative systems analysis that connects directly the molecular properties of the guard cells to their function in the field.In order for plants to function efficiently, they must balance gaseous exchange between inside and outside the leaf to maximize CO 2 uptake for photosynthetic carbon assimilation (A) and to minimize water loss through transpiration. Stomata are the "gatekeepers" responsible for all gaseous diffusion, and they adjust to both internal and external environmental stimuli governing CO 2 uptake and water loss. The pathway for CO 2 uptake from the bulk atmosphere to the site of fixation is determined by a series of diffusional resistances, which start with the layer of air immediately surrounding the leaf (the boundary layer). Stomatal pores provide a major resistance to flux from the atmosphere to the substomatal cavity within the leaf. Further resistance is encountered by CO 2 across the aqueous and lipid boundaries into the mesophyll cell and chloroplasts (mesophyll resistance). Water leaving the leaf largely follows the same pathway in reverse, but without the mesophyll resistance component. Guard cells surround the stomatal pore. They increase or decrease in volume in response to external and internal stimuli, and the resulting changes in guard cell shape adjust stomatal aperture and thereby affect the flux of gases between the leaf internal environment and the bulk atmosphere. Stomatal behavior, therefore, controls the volume of CO 2 entering the intercellular air spaces of the leaf for photosynthesis. It also plays a key role in minimizing the amount of water lost. Transpiration, by virtue of the concentration differences, is an order of magnitude greater than CO 2 uptake, which is an inevitable consequence of free diffusion across this pathway. Although the cumulative area of stomatal pores only represents a small fraction...

show abstract

Section: Stomatal Patterningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stomatal Size, Speed, and Responsiveness Impact on Photosynthesis and Water Use Efficiency

2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We also touch briefly on environmental factors that can impact leaf development (see Box 2), and on recently developed quantitative approaches (see Box 3), which can serve to further characterize and understand leaf development. We chose not to discuss adaxial-abaxial, vascular, trichome or stomatal patterning, as several recent reviews have discussed these topics (Grebe, 2012;Kidner and Timmermans, 2010;Lau and Bergmann, 2012;Nakata and Okada, 2013;Sack and Scoffoni, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaf development and morphogenesis

2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The development of plant leaves follows a common basic program that is flexible and is adjusted according to species, developmental stage and environmental circumstances. Leaves initiate from the flanks of the shoot apical meristem and develop into flat structures of variable sizes and forms. This process is regulated by plant hormones, transcriptional regulators and mechanical properties of the tissue. Here, we review recent advances in the understanding of how these factors modulate leaf development to yield a substantial diversity of leaf forms. We discuss these issues in the context of leaf initiation, the balance between morphogenesis and differentiation, and patterning of the leaf margin.

show abstract

“…The production and patterning of stomata are controlled by a relatively linear signaling pathway (reviewed by Lau and Bergmann, 2012;Pillitteri and Dong, 2013;Pillitteri and Torii, 2012), which is initiated by extracellular peptide ligands in the EPIDERMAL PATTERNING FACTOR (EPF) family (Rowe and Bergmann, 2010;Torii, 2012); this signal is perceived by a receptor-like protein, TOO MANY MOUTHS (TMM) (Nadeau and Sack, 2002), and the LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT (LRR) receptor-like kinase family, including ERECTA (ER), ER-LIKE 1 (ERL1) and ER-LIKE 2 (ERL2) (Shpak et al, 2005). The ligand-receptor signaling is then delivered by a canonical MAP kinase cascade to modulate cytoplasmic and nuclear machineries in stomatal production and division patterning.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demethylation of ERECTA receptor genes by IBM1 histone demethylase affects stomatal development

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

DNA methylation and histone modifications interact to modulate gene expression in biological organisms. The histone demethylase IBM1 suppresses DNA methylation and gene silencing, primarily by targeting genic regions in the Arabidopsis genome. The chromatin regulator EDM2 is also required for prevention of genic DNA methylation because it maintains IBM1 expression by promoting IBM1 mRNA distal polyadenylation. Loss-of-function ibm1 and edm2 mutant plants display a wide range of developmental defects, but little is known about which developmentally important genes are regulated by IBM1 and EDM2. Here, we show that both ibm1 and edm2 mutants display defects in production of stomatal lineage cells, which is linked to DNA hypermethylation of the ERECTA family genes, including ER, ERL1 and ERL2. Stomatal phenotypes and DNA methylation levels of ER genes in ibm1 and edm2 mutants are restored by mutations in the genes encoding the histone methyltransferase KYP and DNA methyltransferase CMT3. Our data demonstrate that a specific plant developmental context is influenced by IBM1-regulated histone modification and DNA methylation on the gene body region of the ERECTA receptors.

show abstract

Stomatal development: a plant's perspective on cell polarity, cell fate transitions and intercellular communication

Cited by 176 publications

References 73 publications

Stomatal Size, Speed, and Responsiveness Impact on Photosynthesis and Water Use Efficiency

Stomatal Size, Speed, and Responsiveness Impact on Photosynthesis and Water Use Efficiency

Leaf development and morphogenesis

Demethylation of ERECTA receptor genes by IBM1 histone demethylase affects stomatal development

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About