2015
DOI: 10.1126/science.1260168
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Abstract: Explosive phenomena such as supernova remnant shocks and solar flares have demonstrated evidence for the production of relativistic particles. Interest has therefore been renewed in collisionless shock waves and magnetic reconnection as a means to achieve such energies. Although ions can be energized during such phenomena, the relativistic energy of the electrons remains a puzzle for theory. We present supercomputer simulations showing that efficient electron energization can occur during turbulent magnetic re… Show more

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Cited by 158 publications
(192 citation statements)
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“…We do not see any evidence for spontaneous turbulent reconnection in the ramp, which was recently reported by Matsumoto et al (2015). They noted a chain of magnetic islands coinciding with spikes in electron density resembling structures seen in dedicated simulations of turbulent reconnection.…”
Section: Structure Of the Forward Shocksupporting
confidence: 58%
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“…We do not see any evidence for spontaneous turbulent reconnection in the ramp, which was recently reported by Matsumoto et al (2015). They noted a chain of magnetic islands coinciding with spikes in electron density resembling structures seen in dedicated simulations of turbulent reconnection.…”
Section: Structure Of the Forward Shocksupporting
confidence: 58%
“…It appears that strong acceleration through SSA is seen when the large-scale magnetic field is assumed to be strictly out of plane, as in Amano & Hoshino (2009b) and Matsumoto et al (2012Matsumoto et al ( , 2013. On the other hand, turbulent reconnection is seen only in a simulation with in-plane magnetic field (Matsumoto et al 2015). The Buneman modes have wavevectors preferentially aligned with the reflected-ion beam, and thus are better resolved in 2D studies when the ion gyro-motion is contained in the plane of a simulation, i.e., for out-of-plane magnetic field configurations (Riquelme & Spitkovsky 2011).…”
Section: Particle Distributionsmentioning
confidence: 96%
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“…This instability has been associated with magnetic field generation in relativistic shocks (Nishikawa et al 2005;Spitkovsky 2007), but numerical simulations also show that it can produce non-propagating, linearly polarized magnetic field waves in the foot of quasi-perpendicular shocks (Matsukiyo & Scholer 2006a;Burgess et al 2016). The effects of the ion Weibel instability in a high Mach number shock were also discussed recently by Matsumoto et al (2015).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 91%
“…Kucharek found that interstellar pickup ions were accelerated to power-law spectra behind the termination shock as long as particles encountered such coherent structures. Full kinetic 2D simulations by Matsumoto et al (2015) show evidence for efficient electron energization during turbulent magnetic reconnection arising from a strong collisionless shock.…”
Section: Energetic Particle Acceleration By Small-scale Flux Ropes Bementioning
confidence: 97%