Stochastic Economic Analysis of Investment Projects in Forest Restoration Involving Containerized Tree Seedlings in Brazil

Abstract

Background: Experts in ecological restoration have discussed the cost reduction to make forest restoration financially feasible. This is very important in developing countries, such as Brazil, and for smallholder farmers; however, economic studies do not usually consider the uncertainties in their analysis. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze, under conditions of uncertainty, how tropical tree seedlings produced in polyethylene bags, polyethylene tubes, and biodegradable containers (Ellepot®) interfere with the costs of implementation and post-planting maintenance investment projects in a deforested tropical seasonal forest area in southern Brazil. Methods: We evaluated total costs, production costs, and equivalent annual uniform costs, and the probability distributions and estimated ranges of stochastic values were adjusted through Monte Carlo method simulation. Furthermore, the seedling survival rate was recorded over 12 months post-planting. Results: The costs with tree seedling acquisition and direct labor were the components that most impacted total costs in the three investment projects. The forest restoration investment project with tree seedlings produced in polyethylene bags was economically unfeasible in relation to other projects. Conclusions: The best economic alternative was observed in the investment project with tree seedlings produced in Ellepot®, which showed a survival rate >80% after one year and the lowest total cost, production cost, and equivalent uniform annual cost.

Manejo De Irrigação Em Viveiros Florestais: Uso Racional Da Água E Análise Da Qualidade Das Mudas

“…A principal finalidade da irrigação nos viveiros florestais é atender a necessidade hídrica das mudas sem desperdiçar água; produzir em menor tempo e com maior retorno econômico (STABLER; MARTIN, 2000;IRMAK et al, 2001;MANGIAFICO et al, 2008;MORAIS et al, 2012;SIMÕES et al, 2021). Nesse sentido, a irrigação nos viveiros florestais está sendo forçada a se tornar mais eficiente, entretanto, não há uma solução universal aplicável a todos os setores de um viveiro ou a todos os viveiros.…”

Efeito de diferentes volumes e tipos de recipientes no crescimento inicial de mudas de Adenanthera pavonina L

“…O estudo das dimensões adequadas dos recipientes demonstra relevância, para que a escolha do recipiente ideal leve em consideração os aspectos morfológicos de cada espécie florestal. O volume acima do recomendado provoca maior gasto com substrato, assim também como o aumento da área do viveiro, custos de transporte e, ainda, de manutenção e distribuição das mudas no campo (SIMÕES et al, 2021).…”

Leaf Angle as a Criterion for Optimizing Irrigation in Forest Nurseries: Impacts on Physiological Seedling Quality and Performance after Planting in Pots

“…To develop large-scale nursery production practices that improve seedling quality at reduced cost, more knowledge is needed on irrigation and nutrient management in container seedlings [76][77][78][79]. For mean leaf angles of −14 • and −56 • , an increase in irrigation volume increased all the total macronutrient and micronutrient contents, except B and Fe, which were not significantly correlated.…”