Stimulus Perception by Histidine Kinases

Schramke, Hannah; Wang, Yang; Heermann, Ralf; Jung, Kirsten

doi:10.1002/9781119004813.ch25

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 189 publications

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“…C4 dicarboxylates, citrate, autoinducers), inorganic compounds (Mg 2+ , H + , K + ) and gaseous ligands (e.g. O 2 , N 2 ), and physical parameters, such as osmolarity/turgor, light and temperature [ 10 ]. Stimuli are perceived via periplasmic/extracellular sensing domains that are characterized by specific folds.…”

Section: Kdpd/kdpe: Dual Sensing In a Canonical Two-component Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This process usually results in the autophosphorylation of the protein and the phosphoryl group is subsequently transferred to the cognate soluble response regulator ( figure 1 ), which usually acts as a transcription factor [ 9 ]. The number of histidine kinase/response regulator systems varies widely between bacterial species, ranging from 30 in Escherichia coli and 36 in Bacillus subtilis to 132 in Myxococcus xanthus [ 10 ]. In chemotactic systems, a soluble histidine kinase perceives the signal(s) conveyed by membrane-integrated chemoreceptors and transduces this information via phosphorylation/protein–protein interaction to the flagellar motor [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bacterial transmembrane signalling systems and their engineering for biosensing

Jung¹,

Fabiani²,

Hoyer³

et al. 2018

Open Biol.

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Every living cell possesses numerous transmembrane signalling systems that receive chemical and physical stimuli from the environment and transduce this information into an intracellular signal that triggers some form of cellular response. As unicellular organisms, bacteria require these systems for survival in rapidly changing environments. The receptors themselves act as ‘sensory organs’, while subsequent signalling circuits can be regarded as forming a ‘neural network’ that is involved in decision making, adaptation and ultimately in ensuring survival. Bacteria serve as useful biosensors in industry and clinical diagnostics, in addition to producing drugs for therapeutic purposes. Therefore, there is a great demand for engineered bacterial strains that contain transmembrane signalling systems with high molecular specificity, sensitivity and dose dependency. In this review, we address the complexity of transmembrane signalling systems and discuss principles to rewire receptors and their signalling outputs.

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Section: Kdpd/kdpe: Dual Sensing In a Canonical Two-component Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial transmembrane signalling systems and their engineering for biosensing

Jung¹,

Fabiani²,

Hoyer³

et al. 2018

Open Biol.

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“…When the FsrC gene is transcribed in E. faecalis, it results in the production of a membranebound histidine kinase (HK)-FsrC [186]. This membrane-bound HK has the role of sensing an 11-amino-acid-long cyclized peptide lactone in the extracellular environment [187]. The interaction of this membrane-bound HK-FsrC-with the pheromone ligand GBAP leads to the activation (phosphorylation) of the response regulator FsrA, which in turn facilitates the transcription of various genes, including those involved in biofilm formation and virulence [28,40].…”

Section: The Fsr Operon and Ef1097 Locusmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Science behind Biofilm: Unraveling Enterococcus Genus’ Remarkable Ability to Produce Microbial Communities

Pirbonyeh,

Emami,

Javanmardi

2024

Infectious Diseases

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The remarkable ability of Enterococcus to produce microbial communities, specifically biofilms, is a topic of interest in scientific research. Biofilms formed by Enterococcus species, are known to contribute to their survival in extreme environments and their involvement in persistent bacterial infections. The aim of this chapter is to provide a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms underlying biofilm formation in clinically important species such as E. faecalis and the increasingly drug-resistant but less well-studied E. faecium. Enterococcus forms biofilms through a complex interaction between genes and virulence factors such as DNA release, cytolysin, pili, secreted antigen A, and microbial surface components that recognize adhesive matrix molecules (MSCRAMMs). Quorum sensing mediated by peptide pheromones targets gene expression and regulation and is essential for the coordination of biofilm formation. Furthermore, control over extracellular DNA (eDNA) release has been shown to be crucial for biofilm formation. In E. faecalis, autolysin N-acetylglucosaminidase and proteases such as serine protease and gelatinase are important players in this process, influencing biofilm development and virulence. The study of biofilm formation in Enterococcus can provide insights into the pathogenesis of opportunistic infections and their prevention and provide directions for future anti-biofilm therapeutic research.

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“…Usually, there are slightly more RR genes than receptor genes, and sometimes, a single receptor may regulate the activity of different RR proteins [ 3 , 6 , 7 ]. TCS may respond to ions, gases, small molecules, peptides, and other chemicals as well as to factors such as temperature, osmolarity, membrane fluidity, or illumination [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ]. Since many of them are important for bacterial survival and pathogenicity, TCS constitute promising targets for antimicrobial treatments [ 12 , 13 , 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They can also contain a transmembrane (TM) domain and additional signal transduction domains [ 34 ] such as HAMP (domain found in h istidine kinases, a denylyl cyclases, m ethyl-accepting proteins, and p hosphatases [ 35 , 36 , 37 ]), PAS ( P er- A RNT- S im [ 38 , 39 ]), and GAF (found in c G MP-specific and stimulated phosphodiesterases, a denylate cyclases, and F hlA [ 40 ]), which may or may not be sensors themselves. Exemplary architectures of sensory HKs may be found in thematic reviews [ 8 , 9 , 32 , 37 , 41 ]. Sensory domains are predominantly either fully α-helical (such as 4-helical bundle, 4HB fold) or mixed α/β (such as single and double Cache) [ 42 , 43 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrate- and Nitrite-Sensing Histidine Kinases: Function, Structure, and Natural Diversity

Gushchin

Aleksenko

Orekhov

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Under anaerobic conditions, bacteria may utilize nitrates and nitrites as electron acceptors. Sensitivity to nitrous compounds is achieved via several mechanisms, some of which rely on sensor histidine kinases (HKs). The best studied nitrate- and nitrite-sensing HKs (NSHKs) are NarQ and NarX from Escherichia coli. Here, we review the function of NSHKs, analyze their natural diversity, and describe the available structural information. In particular, we show that around 6000 different NSHK sequences forming several distinct clusters may now be found in genomic databases, comprising mostly the genes from Beta- and Gammaproteobacteria as well as from Bacteroidetes and Chloroflexi, including those from anaerobic ammonia oxidation (annamox) communities. We show that the architecture of NSHKs is mostly conserved, although proteins from Bacteroidetes lack the HAMP and GAF-like domains yet sometimes have PAS. We reconcile the variation of NSHK sequences with atomistic models and pinpoint the structural elements important for signal transduction from the sensor domain to the catalytic module over the transmembrane and cytoplasmic regions spanning more than 200 Å.

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Stimulus Perception by Histidine Kinases

Cited by 3 publications

References 189 publications

Bacterial transmembrane signalling systems and their engineering for biosensing

Bacterial transmembrane signalling systems and their engineering for biosensing

The Science behind Biofilm: Unraveling Enterococcus Genus’ Remarkable Ability to Produce Microbial Communities

Nitrate- and Nitrite-Sensing Histidine Kinases: Function, Structure, and Natural Diversity

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