Stimulant Laxatives and Opioid-Induced Constipation

Twycross, Robert; Sykes, Nigel; Mihalyo, Mary; Wilcock, Andrew

doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2011.12.002

Cited by 41 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Opioids combine with the receptors of smooth muscles on bowel that reduced the contraction of the circular and longitudinal muscle, which lead to decrease peristaltic [25]. Furthermore, Colonic passage time is prolonged, leading to more and more fluid and electrolyte absorption from chyme residual, leading to dryer and harder stools [9].…”

Section: Opioid-related Constipation Among Patients With Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The stool softener mechanism of action is making stool soft that facilitate defecation, meanwhile the bowel stimulants work to increase peristalsis on the colon [11]. Bulk laxatives action help increase volume in the intestines, that stimulating the bowel to move [25]. Some recommendations highlighted when use laxative to promote maximum effect.…”

Section: Pharmacological Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In certain conditions such as using durable opioid therapy, patients need diverse approach of management to facilitate change from one type to another when loses efficacy for a time, similar to opioids, over time, laxative therapy become less effective if patient develop tolerance. Increasing the dose of anticonstipation treatment when increase does of opioid treatment is a possible choice [25].…”

Section: Nursing Care For Constipationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bowel Management: Constipation among Patients with Cancer

Younes¹,

Tawalbeh²

2017

J Palliat Care Med

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Constipation has a negative effect on patients with cancer and their families. It negatively affects the quality of life terms of physical, social, psychological, and spiritual dimensions. The aim of this paper was to review the studies that addressed constipation among patients with cancer and to explore its influence on the quality of life and wellbeing for patients and their families. Completed studies were identified through systematic search using Cumulative index for Nursing and Applied Health Literature, EBSCO Host, Ovid Journal and PubMed. This search located the studies that were published between 1989 and 2015 about constipation effect, pathophysiology, assessment and management. The review identified 44 studies and indicated that constipation has negative effect on QOL among patient with cancer and their families. Various assessment and management constipation tools and strategies were used according to patient's health condition. Pharmacological and non-pharmacological methodologies were used to manage constipation. Appropriate assessment has a positive impact on effective management of constipation among patients with cancer; that may help improve the quality of life. Nurses play a significant role in performing comprehensive assessment strategies to detect the risk factor for constipation and applying the prevention precaution to reduce opportunity of its occurrence. Nurses should perform constipation management strategies that include both pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches.

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Section: Opioid-related Constipation Among Patients With Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pharmacological Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nursing Care For Constipationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bowel Management: Constipation among Patients with Cancer

Younes¹,

Tawalbeh²

2017

J Palliat Care Med

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“…Fecal softeners are used such as Arachis oil or mineral oil (liquid paraffin) used to soften the fecal material for the ease of expultion. [25] …”

Section: Constipationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Oral Ayurvedic Formulations

Sachan¹

2017

WJPPS

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“…Lubricants and osmotic laxatives soften the stool and add fluid, making the intestinal transit faster and more comfortable and stool elimination easier. ii) Stimulant laxatives and stool softeners should not be used initially for the treatment of grade 3 and 4 constipation; stimulants can cause serious cramping (12), because these patients have large amounts A. Acute intervention for grade 3 and 4 constipation:…”

Section: Therapeutic Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constipation: an overlooked, unmanaged symptom of patients with pheochromocytoma and sympathetic paraganglioma

Thosani

Ayala-Ramirez

Román-Gonzaléz

et al. 2015

European Journal of Endocrinology

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Objective: Pheochromocytomas (PHs) and sympathetic paragangliomas (PGs) are tumors that produce catecholamines, predisposing patients to cardiovascular disease and gastrointestinal effects such as constipation. Objectives: i) determine the prevalence of constipation, its risk factors, and its impact on survival; ii) identify whether a systematic combination of fiber, water, and laxatives was effective for treatment of constipation. Design and methods: We retrospectively studied 396 patients with PH/PG diagnosed in 2005-2014. The study population was patients with constipation as a presenting symptom; the control group was patients without constipation as a presenting symptom. The MD Anderson Symptom Inventory was used to assess constipation and quality of life. Results: Twenty-three patients (6%) had constipation. Constipation was associated with headaches, palpitations, diaphoresis, weight loss, and excessive noradrenaline production (P!0.0001). Eighteen of these patients had non-metastatic primary tumors larger than 5 cm and/or extensive metastases. No statistically significant differences in age, sex, and genotype were noted between the study and control groups. In patients without metastases, resection of the primary tumor led to symptom disappearance. A systematic combination of fiber, water, and laxatives was associated with symptom improvement. Two patients who presented unmanaged constipation died because of sepsis from toxic megacolon. Conclusions: Constipation is a rare and potentially lethal complication in patients with PH/PGs. Severe constipation can be prevented by recognizing and treating mild symptoms.

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Stimulant Laxatives and Opioid-Induced Constipation

Cited by 41 publications

References 37 publications

Bowel Management: Constipation among Patients with Cancer

Bowel Management: Constipation among Patients with Cancer

A Review on Oral Ayurvedic Formulations

Constipation: an overlooked, unmanaged symptom of patients with pheochromocytoma and sympathetic paraganglioma

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