Steroidal glycoalkaloids: chemical defence of edible African nightshades against the tomato red spider mite, <i>Tetranychus evansi</i> (Acari: Tetranychidae)

Jared, Juma J; Murungi, Lucy Kananu; Wesonga, John; Torto, Baldwyn

doi:10.1002/ps.4100

Cited by 23 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…However, S. sarrachoides was recently shown to have active components, i.e. stereoidal glycoalkaloids, that reduce T. evansi survival . The Solanaceae specialization of T. evansi could also explain their different dispersal strategies, i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new mite IPM strategy: predator avoidance behaviour resulting from the synergetic effects of predator release and acaricide‐treated nets

Kungu

Déletré

Subramanian

et al. 2018

Pest Management Science

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new mite IPM strategy: predator avoidance behaviour resulting from the synergetic effects of predator release and acaricide‐treated nets

Kungu

Déletré

Subramanian

et al. 2018

Pest Management Science

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“…Methyl ketones such as 2-undecanone and non-volatile glucose esters have been found to deter settling of the potato aphid, Macrosiphum euphorbiae Thomas [14]. In line with these findings, some researchers have suggested that the presence of glandular trichomes in certain plants may indicate potency of internal leaf chemistry against herbivore establishment and performance [18–20]. On the other hand, some studies have shown that not all insect species are deterred by these secretions as reported for the mirid bug, Tupiocoris notatus Distant (Heteroptera: Miridae), which is specifically adapted to these unique secretions [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opposing Roles of Foliar and Glandular Trichome Volatile Components in Cultivated Nightshade Interaction with a Specialist Herbivore

et al. 2016

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Plant chemistry is an important contributor to the interaction with herbivores. Here, we report on a previously unknown role for foliar and glandular trichome volatiles in their interaction with the specialist herbivore of solanaceous plants, the tomato red spider mite Tetranychus evansi. We used various bioassays and chemical analyses including coupled gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (LC-QToF-MS) to investigate this interaction between cultivated African nightshades and T. evansi. We show that, whereas morphologically different cultivated African nightshade species released similar foliar volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that attracted T. evansi, VOCs released from exudates of ruptured glandular trichomes of one nightshade species influenced local defense on the leaf surface. VOCs from ruptured glandular trichomes comprising mainly saturated and unsaturated fatty acids deterred T. evansi oviposition. Of the fatty acids, the unsaturated fatty acids accounted for >40% of the oviposition deterrent activity. Our findings point to a defense strategy in a plant, based on opposing roles for volatiles released by foliar and glandular trichomes in response to attack by a specialist herbivore.

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“…Although it is largely unknown which terminal plant defenses determine resistance or susceptibility to mites, negative correlations were found between mite fitness and several plant secondary metabolites (18,(25)(26)(27). How plants detect spider mite feeding is poorly understood, but analyses of transcriptional networks have suggested the involvement of receptor-like kinases reminiscent of other plant-herbivore interactions (28).…”

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The Salivary Protein Repertoire of the Polyphagous Spider Mite Tetranychus urticae: A Quest for Effectors

Jonckheere

Dermauw

Zhurov

et al. 2016

Molecular & Cellular Proteomics

127

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The two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae is an extremely polyphagous crop pest. Alongside an unparalleled detoxification potential for plant secondary metabolites, it has recently been shown that spider mites can attenuate or even suppress plant defenses. Salivary constituents, notably effectors, have been proposed to play an important role in manipulating plant defenses and might determine the outcome of plant-mite interactions.Here, the proteomic composition of saliva from T. urticae lines adapted to various host plants-bean, maize, soy, and tomato-was analyzed using a custom-developed feeding assay coupled with nano-LC tandem mass spectrometry. About 90 putative T. urticae salivary proteins were identified. Many are of unknown function, and in numerous cases belonging to multimembered gene families. RNAseq expression analysis revealed that many genes coding for these salivary proteins were highly expressed in the proterosoma, the mite body region that includes the salivary glands. A subset of genes encoding putative salivary proteins was selected for whole-mount in situ hybridization, and were found to be expressed in the anterior and dorsal podocephalic glands. Strikingly, host plant dependent expression was evident for putative salivary proteins, and was further studied in detail by micro-array based genome-wide expression profiling. This meta-analysis revealed for the first time the salivary protein repertoire of a phytophagous chelicerate. The availability of this salivary proteome will assist in unraveling the molecular interface between phytophagous mites and their host plants, and may ultimately facilitate the development of mite-resistant crops. Furthermore, the technique used in this study is a time-and resourceefficient method to examine the salivary protein composition of other small arthropods for which saliva or salivary glands cannot be isolated easily. The family of spider mites (Chelicerata: Acari: Tetranychidae) comprises well over 1000 species, including several that are important pests on crops, and about 0.9 billion euro is being spent annually for their control worldwide (1, 2). These minute herbivores-about 0.5 mm in size-use their stylets to pierce leaf mesophyll cells and to inject saliva, after which they suck out the cytoplasm. This results in cell death visible as chlorotic spots sometimes accompanied by necrosis, and ultimately in leaf abscission (3,4). Among the spider mites, the From the ‡Laboratory

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Steroidal glycoalkaloids: chemical defence of edible African nightshades against the tomato red spider mite, Tetranychus evansi (Acari: Tetranychidae)

Abstract: Our results suggest that the presence of SGAs may play a key role in the differential defence of edible African nightshades against attack by T. evansi. These findings may add to the plethora of environmentally friendly tools from natural plant products for management of T. evansi.

Cited by 23 publications

References 39 publications

A new mite IPM strategy: predator avoidance behaviour resulting from the synergetic effects of predator release and acaricide‐treated nets

A new mite IPM strategy: predator avoidance behaviour resulting from the synergetic effects of predator release and acaricide‐treated nets

Opposing Roles of Foliar and Glandular Trichome Volatile Components in Cultivated Nightshade Interaction with a Specialist Herbivore

The Salivary Protein Repertoire of the Polyphagous Spider Mite Tetranychus urticae: A Quest for Effectors

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