Stereophotogrammetry to reveal age‐related changes of labial morphology among Chinese women aging from 20 to 60

Abstract

Background The lip is of important aesthetic value and highly subjected to aging. Collecting anthropometric baseline data and understanding age‐related changes of labial morphology can help with diagnosis of deformity, assessment of aging, and planning of cosmetic procedures. Many studies have focused on Caucasians, while there is a lack of anthropometric data on Chinese women. Methods A total of 169 women were enrolled in this cross‐sectional study and divided into four consecutive age groups. Linear distances, angles, and surface area data were obtained via stereophotogrammetry. Intergroup comparisons between different age groups were performed to find age‐related differences. Results Lip width significantly increased with age while philtrum width seemed to show no obvious change. Cutaneous upper and lower lip height increased, lengthening the lip in the vertical dimension. Decrease of upper vermilion height and changes in angles indicated that aging process shortened the upper vermilion and flattened the vermilion border. Surface area also showed age‐related changes. Intergroup comparison showed no statistical significance in most variables between 20s and 30s or 30s and 40s, while age‐related changes in some variables were significant between 40s and 50s. Conclusion This study provided anthropometric data of labial morphology across a wide age range. Aging process affected a variety of labial anthropometric variables. Age‐related changes accelerated after 40 among Chinese women.

Lip Lifting Efficacy of Hyaluronic Acid Filler Injections: A Quantitative Assessment Using 3-Dimensional Photography

“…In addition to providing objectivity in evaluating volumetric enhancements, 3-D imaging is a useful tool to measure and assess linear and angular variables in facial aesthetic surgery. The 3-D stereophotogrammetry system used in our study (VECTRA M3) has been reported to be repeatable, giving accurate measures within the references established in several studies [ 9 , 10 ], with key facial angles presenting excellent intraclass correlation coefficient values [ 11 , 12 ]. However, it should be noted that the 3-D volume estimation in the study cannot be fully supported by precision in reproducibility since this system reads and interpolate the 3-D mesh data to calculate the theoretical surface volume of the closed area, instead of measuring the real volume of the lips.…”

“…The 3-D imaging system used in this study was VECTRA M3 (Canfield Scientific, Parsippany-Troy Hills, NJ, USA). The accuracy and reproducibility of results obtained using this system have been demonstrated in many works [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ]. This system has also been used to measure volumetric changes after lip filler injections [ 13 , 14 ].…”

Three-dimensional facial scanner in the hands of patients: validation of a novel application on iPad/iPhone for three-dimensional imaging

“…The authors have been working on the clinical application of 3D anthropometry and agreed that the portability of a 3D imaging system brought great convenience to both clinicians and patients (19,20). The authors worked with engineers to develop a novel iPad/iPhone application for 3D photography.…”

In vitro and in vivo validation of a new three‐dimensional fringe projection‐based device (AEVA‐HE) dedicated to skin surface mapping

“…This technology allows higher resolution cameras and accuracy depends on the pixel distance on the field of view instead of fringes distance. Although techniques based on stereophotogrammetry are of high interest and validated, [23][24][25] the privilege was given here to fringe projection-based systems since they provide full field, accurate, and high-resolution images prone to being further easily processed.…”