Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in cystic fibrosis: Incidence and prevalence

Use of Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA PCR To Examine Epidemiology of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Achromobacter ( Alcaligenes ) xylosoxidans from Patients with Cystic Fibrosis

“…Patients from a single center occasionally shared a genotypically identical organism, and in many of those cases there was an obvious epidemiological link. This finding was similar to results with S. maltophilia reported by Demko et al (8), suggesting that some transmission between siblings occurs. They found 10 sibling pairs (out of 40) in which both acquired S. maltophilia, but in only 5 pairs were both siblings positive at the same time.…”

“…This is more reminiscent of the epidemiologic picture seen with early P. aeruginosa infection, where sequential or intermittent genotypes are identified (5). The finding that S. maltophilia was intermittently isolated from CF patients is also supported by the study by Demko et al (8). Their data suggested that the persistence of S. maltophilia varied greatly, with 50% of the S. maltophilia-positive patients examined having only one positive culture between 1982 and 1994.…”

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: an Emerging Global Opportunistic Pathogen

“…The intermittent delivery of aerosolized tobramycin by a nebulizer (cycles of 300 mg tobramycin or taste-masked placebo twice daily for 28 days followed by 28 days without treatment) did not increase the selection of tobramycin-resistant S. maltophilia and resulted in persistent treatment-emergent S. maltophilia in a very low number of patients (43,276). A retrospective study of tobramycin in two placebo-controlled trials revealed that most S. maltophilia isolates occurred intermittently and were rarely persistent isolates (131); this occasional appearance of S. maltophilia in CF patients has been reported by several studies (76,168,338). As S. maltophilia has been recovered from nebulizers of CF patients (80,157), a small study tested the biofilm-forming abilities of environmental and clinical S. maltophilia isolates after exposure to tobramycin at a concentration (16,000 g/ml) found inside the nebulizers (234).…”

Association between Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and lung function in cystic fibrosis

“…S maltophilia has been associated with a statistically significant decline in lung function (the absolute change was not noted) 7 and, in patients with severe pulmonary impairment, worse 2 year and possibly 5 year survival. 8 Formal survival modelling using data from the CFF NPR did not, however, corroborate the latter finding. 9 We have shown that S maltophilia is associated with a lower mean FEV 1 (0.092 l less) than in patients without S maltophilia after adjusting for height, sex, and age.…”