Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Epidemiology, Resistance Characteristics, and Clinical Outcomes: Understanding of the Recent Three Years’ Trends

Hafiz, Taghreed A.; Aldawood, Esraa; Albloshi, Alaa; Alghamdi, Shahad S; Mubaraki, Murad A.; Alyami, Ahmed S.; Aldriwesh, Marwh G.

doi:10.3390/microorganisms10122506

Cited by 23 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In recent years, S. maltophilia has been relatively stable in third place among non‐fermenting Gram‐negative bacteria, after P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii , according to the CHINET monitoring service 15 . Patients with severely impaired or weakened immune functions were more susceptible to serious consequences when infected with S. maltophilia , suggesting that the respiratory tract was the main site of colonization and infection of S. maltophilia , which may have been associated with its ability to form biofilms and colonize the respiratory tract of hospitalized patients 16 . Recently, S. maltophilia was reported as one of the secondary bacterial infections in ICU patients with COVID‐19, 12 which is similar to what was found in this study: the infection rate of S. maltophilia was higher in the COVID‐19 group than in the CNT group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of COVID‐19 on the distribution of pathogenic bacteria in the lower respiratory tract of the elderly

Zhang

Shi

Zhuo

et al. 2023

Immunity Inflam & Disease

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Background To investigate the distribution of bacterial pathogens of lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) in hospitalized elderly patients during the COVID‐19 epidemic and to explore the influence of COVID‐19 on the distribution of bacterial pathogens, to provide guidance for clinical diagnosis. Methods Specimens of sputum from elderly LRTIs patients at Fuding Hospital of China were consecutively collected from October 2022 to January 2023. Cultures and identification were done, and RT‐PCR was employed to detect SARS‐Cov‐2 nucleic acid. Results A total of 195 isolates were characterized in 163 sputum samples of consecutive hospitalized elderly patients, of which 11.3% were Gram‐positive bacteria and 88.7% were Gram‐negative. The top of frequently isolated pathogens was Klebsiella pneumonia (30.3%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (19.0%), Acinetobacter baumannii (12.8%), Stenotrophomonas maltophili, (7.7%), Escherichia coli (7.2%). According to the results of novel coronavirus nucleic acid detection, the 163 patients were divided into COVID‐19 group and non‐COVID control (CNT) group. The comparison of bacterial distribution between the groups revealed that Stenotrophomonas maltophilia was lower in the COVID‐19 than in the CNT group, while A. baumannii was higher in the COVID‐19 group, and the difference was statistically significant (p < .05). Conclusion The major bacteria identified in sputum culture of hospitalized elderly patients were K. pneumonia, P. aeruginosa, A. baumannii, S. maltophilia, and E. coli. Furthermore, the distribution of S. maltophilia and A. baumannii between the COVID‐19 and CNT groups was found to be significantly different (p < .05), while there were no significant differences in the distribution of other bacteria.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of COVID‐19 on the distribution of pathogenic bacteria in the lower respiratory tract of the elderly

Zhang

Shi

Zhuo

et al. 2023

Immunity Inflam & Disease

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Patients with severely impaired or weakened immune functions were more susceptible to serious consequences when infected with S. maltophilia, suggesting that the respiratory tract was the main site of colonization and infection ofS. maltophilia , which may have been associated with its ability to form biofilms and colonize the respiratory tract of hospitalized patients [13] . Recently, S. maltophilia was reported as one of the secondary bacterial infections in ICU patients with COVID-19 [9] , which is similar to what was found in this study: the infection rate of S. maltophilia was higher in the COVID-19 group than in the CNT group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of COVID-19 on the Distribution of Pathogenic Bacteria in the Lower Respiratory Tract of the Elderly

Zhang

Shi

Zhuo

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background: To investigate the distribution of bacterial pathogens of lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) in hospitalized elderly patients during the COVID-19 epidemic and to explore the influence of COVID-19 on the distribution of bacterial pathogens, in order to provide guidance for clinical diagnosis. Methods: Specimens of sputum from elderly LRTIs patients at Fuding Hospital of China were collected from October 2022 to January 2023. Cultures and identification were done, and RT-PCR was employed to detect SARS-Cov-2 nucleic acid. Results: A total of 195 isolates were characterized in 163 sputum samples of consecutive hospitalized elderly patients, of which 11.3% were Gram-positive bacteria and 88.7% Gram-negative. The top of frequently isolated pathogens were Klebsiella pneumonia (30.3%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (19.0%), Acinetobacter baumannii (12.8%), Stenotrophomonas maltophili, (7.7%), Escherichia coli (7.2%). According to the results of novel coronavirus nucleic acid detection, the 163 patients were divided into COVID-19 group and non-COVID control (CNT) group. The comparison of bacterial distribution between the groups revealed that Stenotrophomonas maltophilia was lower in the COVID-19 than in the CNT group, while Acinetobacter baumannii was higher in the COVID-19 group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The major bacteria identified in sputum culture of hospitalized elderly patients were Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, and Escherichia coli. Furthermore, the distribution of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Acinetobacter baumannii between the COVID-19 and CNT groups was found to be significantly different (P< 0.05), while there were no significant differences in the distribution of other bacteria.

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“…Even though commonly isolated due to secondary bacteremia, primary bacteremia is not uncommonly reported, recorded in 45% of patients in a recent study [ 7 , 8 , 9 ]. The increasing incidence of S. maltophilia infections has been highlighted during the COVID-19 epidemic [ 10 ]. Recent studies have shown increased prevalence of S. maltophilia infections, among hospitalized COVID-19 patients, leading the race of pathogens together with A.baumani [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upraising Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in Critically Ill Patients: A New Enemy?

et al. 2023

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Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (S. maltophilia), an important pathogen in immuno-compromised patients, has recently gained attention in patients admitted in intensive care units (ICU). We sought to investigate clinical features of infections caused by S. maltophilia in ICU patients and identify risk factors for mortality. We conducted a retrospective study in two multivalent non-COVID-19 ICUs of tertiary-teaching hospitals in Greece and Spain, including patients with isolated S. maltophilia from at least one clinical specimen along with clinical signs of infection. A total of 103 patients (66% male) were analyzed. Median age was 65.5 (54–73.3) years and mean APACHE II and SOFA scores upon ICU admission were 18.36 (±7.22) and 18.17 (±6.95), respectively. Pneumonia was the predominant clinical syndrome (72.8%), while 22% of cases were among hemato/oncology patients. Crude 28-day mortality rate was 54.8%, even though, 14-day clinical and microbiological response was 96%. Age, APACHE II on ICU admission, hemato-oncologic disease, and multi-organ failure were initially identified as potential predictors of mortality. In the multivariable analysis, only increasing age and hemato-oncologic disease were shown to be independent risk factors for 28-day mortality. High all-cause mortality was observed in critically ill patients with predominantly respiratory infections by S. maltophilia, despite initial clinical and laboratory response after targeted treatment. The study elucidates a potentially worrisome emerging pathogen in the ICU.

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Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Epidemiology, Resistance Characteristics, and Clinical Outcomes: Understanding of the Recent Three Years’ Trends

Cited by 23 publications

References 18 publications

Impact of COVID‐19 on the distribution of pathogenic bacteria in the lower respiratory tract of the elderly

Impact of COVID‐19 on the distribution of pathogenic bacteria in the lower respiratory tract of the elderly

Impact of COVID-19 on the Distribution of Pathogenic Bacteria in the Lower Respiratory Tract of the Elderly

Upraising Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in Critically Ill Patients: A New Enemy?

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