Status of nickel free stainless steel in biomedical field: A review of last 10 years and what else can be done

Patnaik, Lokeswar; Maity, Saikat Ranjan; Kumar, Sunil

doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2019.12.205

Cited by 53 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In recent years, as witnessed in a number of publications, stainless steel (SS) has been widely used as a metallic biomaterial-i.e., as a significant component of biomedical implements (i.e., dental extraction forceps, thoracic retractors), treatments for orthopedic, dental, and cardiovascular implants [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. However, SS implants are the most common use for bone fracture fixation [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectroscopic Investigations of 316L Stainless Steel under Simulated Inflammatory Conditions for Implant Applications: The Effect of Tryptophan as Corrosion Inhibitor/Hydrophobicity Marker

et al. 2021

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In this paper, the conformational changes of tryptophan (Trp) on the corroded 316 L stainless steel (SS) surface obtained under controlled simulated inflammatory conditions have been studied by Raman (RS) and Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy methods. The corrosion behavior and protective efficiency of the investigated samples were performed using the potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) technique in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solution acidified to pH 3.0 at 37 °C in the presence and absence of 10−2 M Trp, with different immersion times (2 h and 24 h). The amino acid is adsorbed onto the corroded SS surface mainly through the lone electron pair of the nitrogen atom of the indole ring, which adopts a more/less tilted orientation, and the protonated amine group. The visible differences in the intensity of the Fermi doublet upon adsorption of Trp onto the corroded SS surface, which is a sensitive marker of the local environment, suggested that a stronger hydrophobic environment is observed. This may result in an improvement of the corrosion resistance, after 2 h than 24 h of exposure time. The electrochemical results confirm this statement—the inhibition efficiency of Trp, acting as a mixed-type inhibitor, is made drastically higher after a short period of immersion.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectroscopic Investigations of 316L Stainless Steel under Simulated Inflammatory Conditions for Implant Applications: The Effect of Tryptophan as Corrosion Inhibitor/Hydrophobicity Marker

et al. 2021

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“…As a consequence, localized plastic deformations occurred, which can be inferred by the shear bands observable in the cross-section of the samples and at the surface, and by the reliefs present at grain boundaries, due to a swelling of the grains [50]. Large plastic deformations were well observable only for samples nitrided at 360 • C with longer treatment durations (5 h), and for those treated at 380 • C, irrespective of the nitrogen content in the treatment atmosphere, so that it may be hypothesized that the fairly high yield strength of Ni-free steel [8] tends to delay these phenomena. Local plastic deformations are strictly related also to the formation of nitrogen-induced h.c.p.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fact, nickel-ion release, due to corrosion or wear phenomena, may cause adverse effects ranging from allergic reactions to genotoxic and mutagenic activities [4,5]. In order to improve biocompatibility, austenitic stainless steels with a negligible nickel content, usually known as nickel-free (Ni-free) stainless steels, have been developed [4][5][6][7][8]. In these alloys, in which nickel content is lower than 0.3 wt.%, the austenite forming elements are usually manganese (9.5-24 wt.%) and nitrogen (0.45-1.1 wt.%), and molybdenum is added for increasing localized corrosion resistance [4,5,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Modification of a Nickel-Free Austenitic Stainless Steel by Low-Temperature Nitriding

Borgioli

Galvanetto

Bacci

2021

Metals

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Low-temperature nitriding allows to improve surface hardening of austenitic stainless steels, maintaining or even increasing their corrosion resistance. The treatment conditions to be used in order to avoid the precipitation of large amounts of nitrides are strictly related to alloy composition. When nickel is substituted by manganese as an austenite forming element, the production of nitride-free modified surface layers becomes a challenge, since manganese is a nitride forming element while nickel is not. In this study, the effects of nitriding conditions on the characteristics of the modified surface layers obtained on an austenitic stainless steel having a high manganese content and a negligible nickel one, a so-called nickel-free austenitic stainless steel, were investigated. Microstructure, phase composition, surface microhardness, and corrosion behavior in 5% NaCl were evaluated. The obtained results suggest that the precipitation of a large volume fraction of nitrides can be avoided using treatment temperatures lower than those usually employed for nickel-containing austenitic stainless steels. Nitriding at 360 and 380 °C for duration up to 5 h allows to produce modified surface layers, consisting mainly of the so-called expanded austenite or γN, which increase surface hardness in comparison with the untreated steel. Using selected conditions, corrosion resistance can also be significantly improved.

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“…Nickel, which acts as an allergen, may cause inflammation, skin irritation, allergy reactions, teratogenicity, and carcinogenicity [5]. In recent years, nickel-free stainless steel is thought as a potential biomedical device to replace SS 316L [6][7][8][9].Nickel element in austenitic stainless steel can be substituted by nitrogen or manganese or both [10]. Nitrogen is known as an austenite stabilizing element, can increase strength and corrosion resistance in stainless steel [11,12].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nickel element in austenitic stainless steel can be substituted by nitrogen or manganese or both [10]. Nitrogen is known as an austenite stabilizing element, can increase strength and corrosion resistance in stainless steel [11,12].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of cold rolling and high-temperature gas nitriding on austenite phase formation in AISI 430 SS

Kartika

Kurnia

Senopati

et al. 2021

EEJET

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Austenitic stainless steel is the most commonly used material in the production of orthopedic prostheses. In this study, AISI 430 SS (0.12 wt. % C; 1 wt. % Si; 1 wt. % Mn; 18 wt. % Cr; 0.04 wt. % P and 0.03 wt. % S) will be modified by creating austenite and removing its ferromagnetic properties via the high-temperature gas nitriding process. Cold rolling with various percentage reduction (30, 50, and 70 %) was followed by gas nitriding at a temperature of 1200 °C with holding times of 5, 7, and 9 hours, then quenching in water was carried out on as-annealed AISI 430 SS. The formation of the austenite phase was examined by XRD (x-ray diffraction). The microstructure and element dispersion were observed using SEM-EDS (scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectrometry), whereas the mechanical properties after gas nitriding and water quenching were determined by Vickers microhardness testing. At all stages of the gas nitriding process, the FCC iron indicated the austenite phase was visible on the alloy's surface, although the ferrite phase is still present. The intensity of austenite formation is produced by cold rolling 70 % reduction with a 5-hour gas nitriding time. Furthermore, the nitrogen layer was formed with a maximum thickness layer of approximately 3.14 µm after a 50 % reduction in cold rolling and 9 hours of gas nitriding process followed by water quenching. The hardness reached 600 HVN in this condition. This is due to the distribution of carbon that is concentrated on the surface. As the percent reduction in the cold rolling process increases, the strength of AISI 430 SS after gas nitriding can increase, causing an increase in the number of dislocations. The highest tensile strength and hardness of AISI 430 SS of 669 MPa and 271.83 HVN were obtained with a reduction of 70 %.

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Status of nickel free stainless steel in biomedical field: A review of last 10 years and what else can be done

Cited by 53 publications

References 40 publications

Spectroscopic Investigations of 316L Stainless Steel under Simulated Inflammatory Conditions for Implant Applications: The Effect of Tryptophan as Corrosion Inhibitor/Hydrophobicity Marker

Spectroscopic Investigations of 316L Stainless Steel under Simulated Inflammatory Conditions for Implant Applications: The Effect of Tryptophan as Corrosion Inhibitor/Hydrophobicity Marker

Surface Modification of a Nickel-Free Austenitic Stainless Steel by Low-Temperature Nitriding

The effect of cold rolling and high-temperature gas nitriding on austenite phase formation in AISI 430 SS

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