Statistical Optimization of Process Parameters for Lipase‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Triethanolamine‐Based Esterquats Using Response Surface Methodology in 2‐Liter Bioreactor

Abstract

Lipase-catalyzed production of triethanolamine-based esterquat by esterification of oleic acid (OA) with triethanolamine (TEA) in n-hexane was performed in 2 L stirred-tank reactor. A set of experiments was designed by central composite design to process modeling and statistically evaluate the findings. Five independent process variables, including enzyme amount, reaction time, reaction temperature, substrates molar ratio of OA to TEA, and agitation speed, were studied under the given conditions designed by Design Expert software. Experimental data were examined for normality test before data processing stage and skewness and kurtosis indices were determined. The mathematical model developed was found to be adequate and statistically accurate to predict the optimum conversion of product. Response surface methodology with central composite design gave the best performance in this study, and the methodology as a whole has been proven to be adequate for the design and optimization of the enzymatic process.

Rapid and high capacity adsorption of heavy metals by Fe3O4/montmorillonite nanocomposite using response surface methodology: Preparation, characterization, optimization, equilibrium isotherms, and adsorption kinetics study

“…Below are empirical polynomial quadratic model equations (2-4), [21,22], for Cu 2+ , Ni 2+ and Pb 2+ respectively that were used to fit the data: 2+ and Pb 2+ respectively, implied that the model was accurate. Generally, highly significant regression model is justified by higher Fischer's 'F statistics' values with P-value as low as possible [23].…”

Formulation optimization of galantamine hydrobromide loaded gel drug reservoirs in transdermal patch for Alzheimer’s disease

“…Large computed F-values, very small P-values, and suitable correlation R 2 values proved that these two quadratic models are significant. [15][16][17] The ANOVA reveals that …”

“…It also significantly reduces the number of experiments that have to be conducted by researchers and thus it is less time consuming. [13][14][15][16][17] In this present work, the gel drug reservoir was formulated and the compositions of this reservoir were optimized by using RSM. Central composite design (CCD) was used to study the interactions between independent variables (carbopol amount, triethanolamine amount, and GH amount) and dependent variables (cumulative drug release at 8 hours and permeation flux).…”

Production of Palm‐Based Esteramine Through Heterogeneous Catalysis

“…Previous works on the production of esteramine via transesterification of palm stearin methyl ester and triethanolamine employing sodium methoxide requires an optimum catalyst dosage of 5 % [7]. Catalyst dosages ranging from 3 to 7 % were reported in the enzymatic synthesis of esteramine using lipase [23][24][25][26][27]. To determine the effect of catalyst dosage on transesterification, Ca-Al was incorporated at 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7 and 1 % during the time course of the esteramine production.…”