Statistical identification of chilling and heat requirements for apricot flower buds in Beijing, China

Guo, Liang; Xu, Jianchu; Dai, Junhu; Cheng, Jimin; Luedeling, Eike

doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2015.09.006

Cited by 49 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…Hence, assessing present and future chill and heat accumulations is essential for identifying the most suitable fruit tree species for a given site, for maintaining economically viable fruit orchards, or for ensuring that detrimental impacts of climate change can be effectively lessened ( Gao et al, 2012 ). Various studies have combined chill and heat indices for studying thermal requirements of different fruit trees or for developing models of phenology ( Maulión et al, 2014 ; Fraga et al, 2015 ; Guo et al, 2015b ; Santos et al, 2017 ). Nonetheless, a comprehensive analysis of the main fresh fruit orchards in Portugal, and their relationship with chilling and forcing is still incipient.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Climate Change Impacts on Chilling and Forcing for the Main Fresh Fruit Regions in Portugal

Fraga

Santos

2021

Front. Plant Sci.

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Air temperature plays a major role in the growth cycle of fruit trees. Chilling and forcing are two of the main mechanisms that drive temperate fruit development, namely dormancy and active plant development. Given the strong sensitivity of these crops to air temperature and the foreseeable warming under future climates, it becomes imperative to analyze climate change impacts for fruit trees. The fruit sector in Portugal has risen significantly over the last decades, gaining increasing importance both internally and through exports. The present research assesses the impacts of climate change on the chilling and forcing for economically relevant fruit trees in Portugal, namely apples, oranges, pears, and plums. To assess temperate fruit chilling and forcing conditions, the chilling portions (CP) and growing degree-hours (GDH) were computed over Portugal, for the recent-past (1989–2005) and future (2021–2080) periods, following two anthropogenic radiative forcing scenarios (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5). Future climate data were obtained from four regional-global climate model pairs to account for model uncertainties. Bias-correction methodologies were also applied. A spatial analysis over the main regions with PDO “Protected Denomination of Origin” or PDI “Protected Geographical Indication” of origin of each fruit tree was performed. Future projections show a clear decrease in chilling for all regions and fruit types in Portugal. Nonetheless, given the current chilling values in Portugal and the relative importance of chilling accumulation for each fruit type, these changes are more significant for certain varieties of apples than for other types of fruit. Regarding forcing, the future projections highlight an increase in its values throughout the different fruit tree regions in Portugal, which should lead to earlier phenological timings. These changes may bring limitations to some of the most important Portuguese temperate fruit regions. The planning of suitable adaptation measures against these threats is critical to control the risk of exposure to climate change, thus warranting the future sustainability of the Portuguese fruit sector, which is currently of foremost relevance to the national food security and economy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Climate Change Impacts on Chilling and Forcing for the Main Fresh Fruit Regions in Portugal

Fraga

Santos

2021

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…For deciduous fruit trees, winter chill exposure is an important precondition for dormancy release and successful spring bud burst and flowering (Campoy et al ., 2012; Jones et al ., 2015). Given this climatic requirement and the prospect of increasing temperatures due to global warming, fruit trees in many regions may soon experience – or may already be experiencing – situations where their ability to overcome their state of dormancy is compromised (Luedeling et al ., 2011a; Darbyshire et al ., 2013; Guo et al ., 2015b; Campoy et al ., 2019; Rodriguez et al ., 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Scientific evidence suggests that dormancy‐related processes are driven mainly by thermal and photoperiodic fluctuations (Singh et al ., 2018; Tylewicz et al ., 2018; Singh et al ., 2019). In deciduous fruit and nut trees, temperature is usually considered the principal driver of dormancy and subsequent bud burst (Egea et al ., 2003; Alburquerque et al ., 2008; Cooke et al ., 2012; Laube et al ., 2014; Guo et al ., 2015b; Benmoussa et al ., 2017). Similarly, growth after bud burst seems to be mainly modulated by temperature (Kramer et al ., 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate change impacts on agriculture's southern frontier – Perspectives for farming in North Patagonia

Barrio

Fernández

Brendel

et al. 2020

Intl Journal of Climatology

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Winter chill is expected to decrease in many of the suitable growing regions for deciduous trees. Argentinean North Patagonia hosts extensive fruit tree cultivation, which provides an important contribution to both local and global food security. Using historic records from 11 weather stations from North Patagonia, we evaluate the possible impacts of climate change on fruit tree cultivation. We assess winter chill and seasonal heat availability, and the risk of spring frost events based on outputs from 15 Global Climate Models (GCMs) for two Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) scenarios and two future time periods (represented by central years 2050 and 2085). Metrics were estimated for 47 years of records from the weather stations, as well as typical conditions for 10 past scenarios and 60 future GCM and RCP projections. Scenarios consisted of 100 plausible annual temperature records produced by a weather generator. Results suggest that fruit tree dormancy in Argentinean North Patagonia will not be strongly affected by climate change. Compared to

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“…In the progression from late summer and early fall to winter, temperate tree species go through a dormancy stage to survive unfavorable thermal conditions (Campoy et al, 2011b;Legave et al, 2013;Fadón and Rodrigo, 2018). Previous studies have revealed that this process is mainly regulated by thermal and photoperiodic conditions Körner, 2012, 2014;Singh et al, 2017) and that thermal conditions are central to bud dormancy and bud burst development in different fruit tree species (Egea et al, 2003;Heide, 2008Heide, , 2011Ghelardini et al, 2010;Guo et al, 2015;Benmoussa et al, 2017a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persian Walnut (Juglans regia L.) Bud Dormancy Dynamics in Northern Patagonia, Argentina

et al. 2022

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Temperate deciduous fruit trees survive winter temperatures by entering a dormant phase in their aerial meristematic organs. Release from bud dormancy occurs after chill requirements (CR) have been satisfied, whereas bud burst/flowering follows heat requirement (HR) fulfillment. The physiological basis behind these metrics remains elusive. In this study, we are presenting the first multidisciplinary dormancy progression analysis in northern Patagonia, linking (1) forcing/field phenology, (2) bud anatomical development, and (3) soluble sugar (sucrose, glucose, and fructose) dynamics in Juglans regia L. CR and HR were determined for ‘Chandler’ and ‘Franquette,’ two walnut cultivars with markedly different CR, in artificial chill/forced heat trials (three seasons) and in-field chill/forced heat tests (five seasons) using excised twigs either with or without apical buds (non-decapitated and decapitated). The soluble sugar dynamics of ‘Chandler’ (high-performance liquid chromatography) and the anatomical changes of the buds (light microscopy) of the two cultivars were analyzed during endo-ecodormancy progression in one and two seasons, respectively. The CR defined by artificial chill tests proved to be an overestimation compared to the field determinations. Moreover, HR was the main driver in the phenology dynamics, as expected for a high-chill region. ‘Chandler’ showed an average of 10.3 field chill portions (CP) and 2,163 Growing Degree Hours (GDH°C) less than ‘Franquette’ for dormancy release and bud burst, respectively. These results were consistent with the transition of the shoot apex from the vegetative to the reproductive phase and the soluble sugar profile. The decrease in sucrose between 15 and 30 days after CR fulfillment could be a reliable biological marker for endodormancy release in walnut, while the increase in fructose and glucose is likely an osmolyte and cellulosic carbon source in pre-sprouting. In addition, we discuss the effect of paradormancy thanks to our apical bud experiment (with or without). Our results improve the current understanding of endo-ecodormancy progression in walnut and provide insightful results for walnut production (i.e., cultivation practices such as pruning) as well as for further application in dormancy modeling, to infer the ideotypes that should be bred for future climate conditions.

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Statistical identification of chilling and heat requirements for apricot flower buds in Beijing, China

Cited by 49 publications

References 51 publications

Assessment of Climate Change Impacts on Chilling and Forcing for the Main Fresh Fruit Regions in Portugal

Assessment of Climate Change Impacts on Chilling and Forcing for the Main Fresh Fruit Regions in Portugal

Climate change impacts on agriculture's southern frontier – Perspectives for farming in North Patagonia

Persian Walnut (Juglans regia L.) Bud Dormancy Dynamics in Northern Patagonia, Argentina

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