Stationary planetary wave and nonmigrating tidal signatures in ionospheric wave 3 and wave 4 variations in 2007–2011 FORMOSAT‐3/COSMIC observations

Chang, Loren C.; Lin, Chien Hung; Yue, Jia; Liu, Jann Yenq; Lin, Jen-Tai

doi:10.1002/jgra.50583

Cited by 62 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(60 reference statements)

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“…In our in situ N e observations no saturation effect has been found for the absolute DE3 amplitudes. When looking at the relative amplitudes of these tides at low latitudes, S. found little dependence on solar activity, while Chang et al (2013) Fig. 4a) in our eyes is more reasonably explained by the modulation of the propagation conditions from the troposphere and stratosphere by QBO.…”

Section: Solar Activity Dependence Of the Nonmigrating Tidessupporting

confidence: 46%

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The solar activity dependence of nonmigrating tides in electron density at low and middle latitudes observed by CHAMP and GRACE

et al. 2016

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Abstract. In this paper we use more than a decade of in situ electron density observations from CHAMP and GRACE satellites to investigate the solar activity dependence of nonmigrating tides at both low and middle latitudes. The results indicate that the longitudinal patterns of F region electron density vary with season and latitude, which are exhibiting a wavenumber 4 (WN4) pattern around September equinox at low latitudes and WN1/WN2 patterns during local summer at the southern/northern middle latitudes. These wave patterns in the F region ionosphere can clearly be seen during both solar maximum and minimum years. At low latitudes the absolute amplitudes of DE3 (contributing to the WN4 pattern) are found to be highly related to the solar activity, showing larger amplitudes during solar maximum years. Similarly a solar activity dependence can also be found for the absolute amplitudes of D0, DW2 and DE1 (contributing to the WN1 and WN2 pattern) at middle latitudes. The relative amplitudes (normalized by the zonal mean) of these nonmigrating tides at both low and middle altitudes show little dependence on solar activity. We further found a clear modulation by the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) of the relative DE3 amplitudes in both satellite observations, which is consistent with the QBO dependence as reported for the E region temperatures and zonal wind. It also supports the strong coupling of the low-latitude nonmigrating tidal activity between the E and F regions. However, the QBO dependence cannot be found for the relative amplitudes of the nonmigrating tides at middle latitudes, which implies that these tides are generated in situ at F region altitudes.

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Section: Solar Activity Dependence Of the Nonmigrating Tidessupporting

confidence: 46%

“…That is why the absolute amplitudes of Chang et al (2013). By analyzing the TEC observations from the FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC during 2007-2011 they reported that the absolute amplitudes of all the tides contributing to WN4 (DE3, SE2 and SPW4) are directly related to the level of solar activity.…”

Section: Solar Activity Dependence Of the Nonmigrating Tidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The solar activity dependence of nonmigrating tides in electron density at low and middle latitudes observed by CHAMP and GRACE

et al. 2016

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“…Hagan et al (2009) reported the existence of stationary planetary wave-4 (SPW4) oscillation in the upper mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) region, caused by the nonlinear interaction between DE3 and the migrating tide DW1. Since then, the importance of stationary planetary waves, SPW4/SPW3, contributing to the longitudinal WN4/WN3 patterns in the upper atmosphere, has also been supported by both model simulations (e.g., Oberheide et al, 2011a;Pancheva et al, 2012) and in situ observations (e.g., Kil et al, 2010;Lühr and Manoj, 2013;Xiong and Lühr, 2013;Chang et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Tidal signatures of the thermospheric mass density and zonal wind at midlatitude: CHAMP and GRACE observations

et al. 2015

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Abstract. By using the accelerometer measurements from CHAMP and GRACE satellites, the tidal signatures of the thermospheric mass density and zonal wind at midlatitudes have been analyzed in this study. The results show that the mass density and zonal wind at southern midlatitudes are dominated by a longitudinal wave-1 pattern. The most prominent tidal components in mass density and zonal wind are the diurnal tides D0 and DW2 and the semidiurnal tides SW1 and SW3. This is consistent with the tidal signatures in the F region electron density at midlatitudes as reported by Xiong and Lühr (2014). These same tidal components are observed both in the thermospheric and ionospheric quantities, supporting a mechanism that the non-migrating tides in the upper atmosphere are excited in situ by ion-neutral interactions at midlatitudes, consistent with the modeling results of Jones Jr. et al. (2013). We regard the thermospheric dynamics as the main driver for the electron density tidal structures. An example is the in-phase variation of D0 between electron density and mass density in both hemispheres. Further research including coupled atmospheric models is probably needed for explaining the similarities and differences between thermospheric and ionospheric tidal signals at midlatitudes.

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“…Analysis of migrating tidal signatures in F3/C TECs , as well as associated numerical experiments, yielded insight on the relations between ionospheric migrating tidal signatures and the corresponding features of zonal mean ionospheric local time variation isolated through such analysis. Such analysis is further extended to understanding the inter-annual variation of ionospheric tidal and stationary planetary waves (SPWs) signatures comprising the well-known "wave-4" modulation of the equatorial ionization anomalies (EIAs), a feature ultimately driven by modulation of the E-region dynamo by vertically propagating non-migrating (Chang et al 2013b). The results demonstrated that such atmosphere-ionosphere coupling was present during periods of both high and low solar activities, forming a persistent feature of ionospheric variability.…”

Section: Formosat-3/cosmicmentioning

confidence: 99%

The fast development of solar terrestrial sciences in Taiwan

et al. 2016

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In Taiwan, research and education of solar terrestrial sciences began with a ground-based ionosonde operated by Ministry of Communications in 1952 and courses of ionospheric physics and space physics offered by National Central University (NCU) in 1959, respectively. Since 1990, to enhance both research and education, the Institute of Space Science at NCU has been setting up and operating ground-based observations of micropulsations, very high-frequency radar, low-latitude ionospheric tomography network, high-frequency Doppler sounder, digital ionosondes, and total electron content (TEC) derived from ground-based GPS receivers to study the morphology of the ionosphere for diurnal, seasonal, geophysical, and solar activity variations, as well as the ionosphere response to solar flares, solar wind, solar eclipses, magnetic storms, earthquakes, tsunami, and so on. Meanwhile, to have better understanding on physics and mechanisms, model simulations for the heliosphere, solar wind, magnetosphere, and ionosphere are also introduced and developed. After the 21 September 1999 Mw7.6 Chi-Chi earthquake, seismo-ionospheric precursors and seismo-traveling ionospheric disturbances induced by earthquakes become the most interesting and challenging research topics of the world. The development of solar terrestrial sciences grows even much faster after National Space Origination has been launching a series of FORMOSAT satellites since 1999. ROCSAT-1 (now renamed FORMO-SAT-1) measures the ion composition, density, temperature, and drift velocity at the 600-km altitude in the low-latitude ionosphere; FORMOSAT-2 is to investigate lightning-induced transient luminous events, polar aurora, and upper atmospheric airglow, and FORMOSAT-3 probes ionospheric electron density profiles of the globe. In the near future, FORMOSAT-5 and FORMOSAT-7/COSMIC-2 will be employed for studying solar terrestrial sciences. These satellite missions play an important role on the recent development of solar terrestrial sciences in Taiwan.

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Stationary planetary wave and nonmigrating tidal signatures in ionospheric wave 3 and wave 4 variations in 2007–2011 FORMOSAT‐3/COSMIC observations

Cited by 62 publications

References 33 publications

The solar activity dependence of nonmigrating tides in electron density at low and middle latitudes observed by CHAMP and GRACE

The solar activity dependence of nonmigrating tides in electron density at low and middle latitudes observed by CHAMP and GRACE

Tidal signatures of the thermospheric mass density and zonal wind at midlatitude: CHAMP and GRACE observations

The fast development of solar terrestrial sciences in Taiwan

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