Statins in the treatment of COPD and asthma  —  where do we stand?

So, Jennifer Y.; Dhungana, Santosh; Beros, Joanna; Criner, Gerard J.

doi:10.1016/j.coph.2018.01.001

Cited by 24 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Additionally, a meta-analysis study suggests that statins reduce plasma D-dimer levels after 3 months suggesting their potential use in some coagulation disorders (Sahebkar et al, 2015). Summarizing, all these proposed anti-thrombotic effects of statins can be another way of exerting beneficial effects in COVID-19 patients and their associ- So et al, 2018;Zhou & Liao, 2009), as well as other infective diseases induced by pathogenic microorganisms such as malaria, Ebola, influenza virus-related diseases, or MERS (Mehrbod, Omar, Hair-Bejo, Haghani, & Ideris, 2014;Shrivastava-Ranjan et al, 2018;Taoufiq et al, 2011;Yuan, 2015). Unfortunately, some of the potential protective effects have not yet been evaluated in some of these diseases, or more thorough studies are needed.…”

Section: Role Of Statins In the Thrombotic Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statins: Could an old friend help in the fight against COVID‐19?

Rodrigues-Díez

Tejera‐Muñoz

Márquez‐Expósito

et al. 2020

British J Pharmacology

113

114

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The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has overwhelmed healthcare systems requiring the rapid development of treatments, at least, to reduce COVID-19 severity. Drug repurposing offers a fast track. Here, we discuss the potential beneficial effects of statins in COVID-19 patients based on evidence that they may target virus receptors, replication, degradation, and downstream responses in infected cells, addressing both basic research and epidemiological information. Briefly, statins could modulate virus entry, acting on the SARS-CoV-2 receptors, ACE2 and CD147, and/or lipid rafts engagement. Statins, by inducing autophagy activation, could regulate virus replication or degradation, exerting protective effects. The well-known anti-inflammatory properties of statins, by blocking several molecular mechanisms, including NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasomes, could limit the "cytokine storm" in severe COVID-19 patients which is linked to fatal outcome. Finally, statin moderation of coagulation response activation may also contribute to improving COVID-19 outcomes.

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Section: Role Of Statins In the Thrombotic Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statins: Could an old friend help in the fight against COVID‐19?

Rodrigues-Díez

Tejera‐Muñoz

Márquez‐Expósito

et al. 2020

British J Pharmacology

113

114

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“…If COPD continues to deteriorate toward hypoxemia, the onset of hypoxia causes pulmonary arterial vasoconstriction 9 . The protective effect of statins may be attributed to their anti-inflammatory effect that functions by limiting immune cell activation and reducing inflammatory cytokines [12][13][14] . A controlled pilot study showed that atorvastatin treatment in COPD patients significantly reduced the neutrophil count in sputum by 34% and the CD45+ cell count by 57% in lung biopsies (P = 0.008) 13 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because of their good lipid-lowering effects, statins are the first-choice therapeutic modalities in hyperlipidemia patients 11 . In addition to their lipid-lowering effects, statins also have displayed anti-inflammatory [12][13][14] , anti-proliferative [15][16][17] and anti-thrombotic 18,19 properties. These effects are associated with the pathophysiology of PH related to COPD.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Effect of Statins on Pulmonary Hypertension in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients: A Nationwide Retrospective, Matched Cohort Study

2020

Sci Rep

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In Taiwan, patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) related to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are most common PH population (group 3). However, efficacy of medical treatments and optimal prevention methods in this group remain uncertain. Statins such as indirect RhoA/Rho-kinase inhibitors influence one of key signalling pathways that promote PH onset. In this study, we explored protective effects of statins against PH in COPD patients using database from Taiwan National Health Insurance programme from 2002 to 2017. The main outcome was the risk of PH. The Cox proportionalhazards model and the Fine and Gray model were used to adjust covariate and competing risks to estimate the subdistribution hazard ratios (sHRs). 553,617 newly diagnosed COPD patients were stratified by statin users (n = 41,168) and statin nonusers (n = 512,449). After 1:1 propensity score matching of statin users (n = 41,163), and 41,163 statin nonusers were included for outcome analysis. Statin users had a 22% lower risk of PH than nonusers (sHR: 0.78, 95% confidence interval: 0.65-0.94). During subgroup analysis, taking higher daily doses and for a longer duration displayed a more significantly reduced risk of PH (both P for trend <0.001). Statins may have a protective effect against PH that is dose-and time-dependent. Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a pathophysiologic and hemodynamic condition that increases the pressure level in the pulmonary arteries, veins and/or capillaries. Eventually, under these conditions, the need for the heart ventricles to contract more and more to pump blood through the lungs and heart can result in heart failure, cardiovascular diseases, or respiratory function loss 1. In 2018, the sixth World Symposium on PH (WSPH) released an updated statement separating PH patients into five groups according to clinical presentation, hemodynamic characteristics, pathophysiology, and therapeutic strategy 2. The incidence of PH is about 2.4 cases per million adults per year in the United States 3-6. One Taiwan prevalence survey suggested the patients with PH related to COPD (group 3 in the WSPH classification scheme) is the most common PH population in Taiwan 7. Of interest, while the severity of PH among patients in group 3 may be less than that in other PH groups, the three-year survival rate in this group is the lowest across all five PH groups 8. This lower survival rate might due to a lack of evidence and efficacy regarding the use of current medical treatments for PH including supportive therapy and certain drugs in PH related to COPD. Besides, there has been no clear prevention strategy revealed that can reduce the risk of PH in COPD patients; currently, only long-term oxygen therapy can improve symptoms. Given these facts, the development of a new treatment in this population is necessary 9,10 .

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“…Currently, anticytokine therapy is regarded as a promising therapeutic approach for treatment of COPD. The efficacy of direct anticytokine medications, as well as multieffect preparations possessing anticytokine potential, is being actively studied [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. Statins, HMG-CoA inhibitors, are widely known as preparations that have multiple effects, including anticytokine and anti-inflammatory potential [13,14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Effectiveness of a Combination of Black Elder Berries, Violet Herb, and Calendula Flowers in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: The Results of a Double-Blinded Placebo-Controlled Study

Kirichenko

Sobenin

Markina

et al. 2020

Biology

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a multifactorial disease, in which systemic inflammation plays a key role. This 6-month randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled study evaluates the possible effect of natural preparation Inflaminat on clinical symptoms of COPD, indicators of respiratory function, and exacerbation frequency in 60 patients with moderate severity of COPD. Inflaminat is a combination of natural ingredients black elder (Sambucus nigra L.) berries, violet (Viola tricolor L.) herb, and calendula (Calendula officinalis L.) flowers. The preparation has been previously demonstrated to possess anticytokine and anti-inflammatory effects in experimental studies. In present study, COPD dynamics were evaluated by means of BCSS (Breathlessness, Cough, and Sputum Scale) and spirometry tests. It was shown that 6-months Inflaminat administration led to significant decrease of BCSS points from 3.0 ± 0.6 to 1.9 ± 0.7, (p = 0.002) as well as significant increase of FEV1 from 66 ± 18% to 73 ± 17%, (p = 0.042); there were no beneficial dynamics in placebo group. Side effects associated with preparation administration were not identified. The results of the study suggest that Inflaminat may be employed in treatment of patients with moderate severity of COPD, since it has a positive effect on COPD symptoms according BCSS and indicators of respiratory function FEV1.

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Statins in the treatment of COPD and asthma — where do we stand?

Cited by 24 publications

References 58 publications

Statins: Could an old friend help in the fight against COVID‐19?

Statins: Could an old friend help in the fight against COVID‐19?

Protective Effect of Statins on Pulmonary Hypertension in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients: A Nationwide Retrospective, Matched Cohort Study

Clinical Effectiveness of a Combination of Black Elder Berries, Violet Herb, and Calendula Flowers in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: The Results of a Double-Blinded Placebo-Controlled Study

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