Startle Modification and P50 Gating in Schizophrenia Patients and Controls: Russian Population

Abstract

Prepulse modification of the acoustic startle response (ASR) and P50 gating are potential neurophysiological endophenotypes of schizophrenia and may be used in the construction of valid clinical biomarkers. Such approach requires a large amount of data obtained in the representative samples from different gender, socio-typological and ethnic groups, replicating studies using the similar protocols and meta-analyses. This is a replication study of ASR and the first study of P50 suppression in Russian patients with schizophrenia (n = 28) and healthy controls (n = 25). ASR and P50 were estimated according to standard protocols. Patients exhibited increased baseline ASR latency (d = 0.35, p = .026) and reduced prepulse inhibition (PPI) at 60 ms interval (d = 0.39, p = .003) and 120 ms interval (d = 0.37, p = .005) relative to controls. In the P50 test patients displayed greater S2 response amplitude (d = 0.24, p = .036) and deficit of P50 suppression (d = 0.43, p = .001). No correlations of PPI and P50 suppression were found in both groups. Only in controls prepulse ASR facilitation (at 2500 ms interval) positively correlated with P50 suppression (r = -.514, p = .013). In patients PPI displayed significant correlations with Difficulty in abstract thinking (N5: r = -.49, p = .005) and Hallucination (P3: r = .40, p = .036) PANSS scales. Logistic regression showed that the combination of PPI and P50 suppression could serve as a diagnostic predictor. Obtained results demonstrated that both PPI and P50 could be regarded as potential schizophrenia biomarkers in Russian population.

A Gene-Based Analysis of Acoustic Startle Latency

“…The analyses on the Grady sample used peak latency. In the literature regarding latency differences between SCZ and CON, onset only was used in one study (27), peak was used in six studies (10, 12, 14–16, 19), and both onset and peak were used in three studies (11, 13, 22). The reason that these two closely correlated measures yield different results is unclear at this time.…”

The Acoustic Sensorimotor Gating Predicts the Efficiency of Hypoxic Preconditioning. Participation of the Cholinergic System in This Phenomenon

“…One advantage of PPI is that it can be measured across species, from humans to rodents, and the PPI model can be used in both experimental and clinical practice [13,40,50,51]. Therefore the PPI-T test has the ability to be used in many areas of practical medicine.…”

“…PPI characterises the mechanisms sensorimotor information filtration (gating), which depends on the functional state of several brain structures and the activity of many neurotransmitter systems [10]. A reduced PPI is a biomarker of predisposition to schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders [9][10][11][12][13]. At the same time, low levels of PPI are observed in healthy individuals, and the biological benefits of high levels of PPI are unclear [11].…”

Psychophysiological correlates of personality factors of impulsive aggression in subjects with personality disorders and in mentally healthy subjects

“…13, no. 1 пе лиц находится во взаимосвязи с фактором наличия психического заболевания [24], а снижение амплитуды акустической стартл-реакции при повторном воздействии стимулов (угашение) демонстрирует положительную взаимосвязь с импульсивностью, поведенческой расторможенностью [15], агрессивностью [11; 21], но отрицательную -с уровнем невротичности [11]. Существенные различия между группами были обнаружены для показателей предстимульной фасилитации.…”