Staphylococcus Aureus Contamination in a Pediatric Dental Clinic

Negrini, Thaís de Cássia; Duque, Cristiane; Oliveira, Ana Carolina Mascarenhas; Hebling, Josimeri; Spolidório, Luís Carlos; Spolidorio, Luís Carlos

doi:10.17796/jcpd.34.1.n435k10291222035

Cited by 16 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The results also clearly indicated that dental students were already contaminated before commencement of the clinical appointment, with the highest colony counts found on gloved hands, followed by the tongue and ungloved hands 77 . Upon investigation of the clinical oral health care environment during this study, the count of S. aureus colonies significantly increased to 10.3% contamination of the surfaces, where 575 colonies were identified after the appointment (P < 0.05), of which the store room and auxiliary table were the most contaminated 77 . These results could be a result of the intense circulation of people in the clinical dental area, as well as the use of high-speed dental handpieces during dental appointments.…”

Section: Focus Area Six: Disinfection (Surfaces) and Housekeepingmentioning

confidence: 83%

Compliance with infection prevention and control in oral health-care facilities: a global perspective

Oosthuysen

Potgieter

Fossey

2014

International Dental Journal

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Many publications are available on the topic of compliance with infection prevention and control in oral health-care facilities all over the world. The approaches of developing and developed countries show wide variation, but the principles of infection prevention and control are the same globally. This study is a systematic review and global perspective of the available literature on infection prevention and control in oral health-care facilities. Nine focus areas on compliance with infection-control measures were investigated: knowledge of infectious occupational hazards; personal hygiene and care of hands; correct application of personal protective equipment; use of environmental barriers and disposable items; sterilisation (recirculation) of instruments and handpieces; disinfection (surfaces) and housekeeping; management of waste disposal; quality control of dental unit waterlines, biofilms and water; and some special considerations. Various international studies from developed countries have reported highly scientific evidence-based information. In developed countries, the resources for infection prevention and control are freely available, which is not the case in developing countries. The studies in developing countries also indicate serious shortcomings with regard to infection prevention and control knowledge and education in oral health-care facilities. This review highlights the fact that availability of resources will always be a challenge, but more so in developing countries. This presents unique challenges and the opportunity for innovative thinking to promote infection prevention and control.

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Section: Focus Area Six: Disinfection (Surfaces) and Housekeepingmentioning

confidence: 83%

Compliance with infection prevention and control in oral health-care facilities: a global perspective

Oosthuysen

Potgieter

Fossey

2014

International Dental Journal

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“…Since the introduction of methicillin into clinical use, methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) has emerged worldwide as an important nosocomial pathogen and has become known as a "SUPER BACTERIA" (Hulten et al 2010;Sacar et al 2010). Although MRSA is known to be transmitted by close contact with infected persons or with contaminated hands or clothing (Cooper et al 2004), some evidence suggests that airborne dispersal and transmission may also be important (Shiomori et al 2002;Wilson et al 2004;Negrini Tde et al 2009). In Taiwan, the incidence of nosocomial MRSA infections increased remarkably in the 1990s.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of CHROMagarStaph aureusand CHROMagar MRSA for Detection of Airborne Methicillin-Resistant and Methicillin-SensitiveStaphylococcus aureus

Hsiao

Chen

Chang

et al. 2012

Aerosol Science and Technology

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In recent decades, the rise of methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) has become one of the most significant problems in public health. The CHROMagar medium, which allows for direct color-based identification of target pathogens, could potentially be used to rapidly monitor airborne S. aureus and MRSA. In this study, the recovery efficiency of CHROMagar Staph aureus (CSA) for collecting airborne MSSA was evaluated in a chamber study. Subsequently, the colony identification performance of bioaerosol samplers combined with CSA and CHROMagar MRSA (C-MRSA) was evaluated in a hospital setting. Our results demonstrated that the agar medium, the type of bioaerosol sampler used, and the relative humidity all affected the recovery of the collected MSSA sample. The sampling stress that influenced the recovery of MSSA on CSA did not differ from that used when measuring its recovery on the commonly used tryptic soy agar. The average sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of the colony identification were 24%, 90%, 13%, and 95%, respectively, for CSA and 71%, 65%, 16%, and 96%, respectively, for C-MRSA. Both CSA and C-MRSA had low PPV and high NPV, suggesting that a nonmauve-colored colony that is recovered on CSA or C-MRSA by air sampling can be reported as negative; however, any mauve-colored colonies should be subjected to further identification processes. On the basis of these findings, and depending upon the methods used, using CHROMagar to detect airborne MSSA or MRSA may shorten the detection time from 24 to 48 h.

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“…This bacterium is regarded as one of the most versatile and harmful human pathogen and it can be transferred from radiographic equipment to patients and medical operatives (White and Glaze, 1978). It has also been shown that S. aureus is the main contaminant of dental pediatric clinics and represents a major risk factor in cross infection (Negrini et al, 2009). In another study,S.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial contamination of radiographic films in maxillofacial surgery clinics

Khalil¹

2013

Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.

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Radiographic investigation in maxillofacial surgery is a vital procedure in minor as well as major surgical procedures in dentistry and in this Department, for example, both analog and digital radiography is used. Patient files are usually transferred from one clinic to another according to the patient appointments and most dentists and surgeons routinely handle these files before treating patients. Since radiographic films are not subjected to disinfection a variety of bacteria may be transferred from the oral cavity to these films and then to other patients via process of cross infection. Although most dental clinics are currently moving to digital technology even the use of this approach may lead to cross contamination, since the sensors and phosphor plates used in digital radiographs are also not generally autoclavable. The aim of the work described in this study was therefore to screen radiographic films used at the Maxillofacial Surgery clinics in the College of Dentistry, King Saud University for contamination with potentially pathogenic bacteria and fungi. A total of 447 radiographs films including periapical, occlusal and orthopantomograms (OPG) from patients treated at the clinics of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, King Saud University were collected in sterile plastic bags and screened for bacterial contamination. All films were swabbed using sterile swab sticks and bacteria were then identified using standard laboratory procedures. After identification of the contaminant bacteria, data were analyzed using SPSS software. The qualitative assessment of the tested samples showed that all tested radiographic films samples were contaminated with bacteria. Staphylococci (Staphylococcus aureus 33.8% and coagulase negative Staphylococcus epidermidis 18.1%) were the most frequently isolated bacteria, although species of Streptococcus (3.6%) and Bacillus (3.6%) were also isolated; only 23.5% of the tested films were contaminated with fungi, mainly Aspergillus niger. This study demonstrates that radiographic films can be a source of cross infection in dental clinics and since these films are not subjected to any disinfection there is a need for the application of strict hygiene measures during their handing in order to avoid cross infection of microorganisms from these films.

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Staphylococcus Aureus Contamination in a Pediatric Dental Clinic

Cited by 16 publications

References 21 publications

Compliance with infection prevention and control in oral health-care facilities: a global perspective

Compliance with infection prevention and control in oral health-care facilities: a global perspective

Performance of CHROMagarStaph aureusand CHROMagar MRSA for Detection of Airborne Methicillin-Resistant and Methicillin-SensitiveStaphylococcus aureus

Microbial contamination of radiographic films in maxillofacial surgery clinics

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