Staged data delivery protocol: A blockchain‐based two‐stage protocol for non‐repudiation data delivery

Abstract

For many years, non‐repudiation in data delivery has not been satisfactorily achieved due to the difficulty of supervising delivery behavior. Existing fair protocols are still not entirely free of third parties who are usually not as trustworthy as expected. Moreover, most of them are built on complex encryption schemes, resulting in inefficiencies when handling large chunks of data and non‐exchanged data sharing. To be able to deliver data without third parties and repudiation, we propose the staged data delivery protocol (SDDP) that integrates fair data delivery into Blockchain consensus processes. SDDP confirms transactions of data delivery in a cascading manner where nodes sign on each transaction one after another. It consists of two stages, in which neither party will have a considerable advantage over the other. In this way, SDDP enables non‐repudiation of directly delivering large chunks of data through an understandable communication strategy; and the Blockchain network replaces third parties to preserve an immutable history of data delivery activities. The results of extensive evaluations show that SDDP is admissible for dealing with fair data delivery on the basis of its good qualities and performance.

Microgrid Data Security Sharing Method Based on Blockchain under Internet of Things Architecture

“…As can be seen from Figure 7, with the increase of time, both the proposed method and the microgrid under reference [18] obtain higher system throughput, while the system throughput in reference [17] decreases first and then increases and remains relatively stable in the range (87, 90). The system throughput reaches the minimum value at 20 min.…”

“…Reference [17] constructs an encrypted data storage and sharing architecture based on threshold proxy reencryption and blockchain consensus algorithm to meet a wide range of data access requirements. Reference [18] integrates fair data delivery into the phased data deliv-ery protocol in the blockchain consensus process, avoiding third-party data processing and realizing safe data sharing. At the same time, the immutable recording characteristics of blockchain guarantee transactions also provide a new idea for the safe processing of microgrid data [19,20].…”

“…This paper selects secp384r1 elliptic curve from charm library to test the system performance. At the same time, reference [17] and reference [18] are used as comparison methods to prove the optimality of algorithm overhead performance. In the same operating environment, the least algorithm overhead proves that it can better support the microgrid and realize the optimal data interaction.…”

“…The network performance under the comparison method is poor. The calculation and communication overhead in reference [18] are 87.32 ms and 5.87 KB, respectively. At the same time, the calculation overhead curve in reference [17] changes in the form of quasiexponential.…”

“…The essence of network throughput is the total amount of data passing through the network in unit time, which can evaluate the operation of the network. Therefore, this paper further carries out optimization analysis based on the network throughput index in literature [17] and literature [18], as shown in Figure 7.…”