“…15–17 By contrast, vanadium-based materials generally present high capacities, and outstanding cyclability, owing to the multiple valence states of V and robust layered/tunneled structures that can withstand the insertion/removal of divalent charge carriers. 18–25 Ever since Nazar et al synthesized a Zn 2+ -ion intercalated V 2 O 5 positive material Zn 0.25 V 2 O 5 · n H 2 O by a microwave hydrothermal method, which featured the nanobelt morphology and enlarged interlayer spacing, and exhibited high capacity (300 mA h g −1 at 50 mA g −1 ) and exceptional long-term cycling stability, 26 various layered metal-preinsertion vanadium oxides such as Zn 3 V 2 O 7 (OH) 2 · n H 2 O, 27 Mn 0.15 V 2 O 5 · n H 2 O, 28 Na 2 V 6 O 16 ·3H 2 O, 29 Ba 1.2 V 6 O 16 ·3H 2 O, 30 KV 3 O 8 ·0.75H 2 O, 31 and MnV 2 O 6 , 32 displaying encouraging specific capacities and good cycling sustainability, have been reported. However, these layered vanadium oxides are still confronted with unsatisfactory rate performance owing to the confined two-dimensional (2D) Zn 2+ -ion mobilities in narrow interlayer gaps.…”