Stabilization of Wind Energy Conversion System with Hydrogen Generator by Using EDLC Energy Storage System

Abstract

The spread of wind power generation is progressed hugely in recent year from viewpoint of environmental problems including global warming. Though wind power is considered as a very prospective energy source, wind power fluctuation due to the random fluctuation of wind speed has still created some problems. Therefore, research is going on how to smooth this wind power fluctuation. This paper presents energy capacitor system (ECS) which consists of electric double-layer capacitor (EDLC) and power electronics devices and works as an electric power storage system for generated output leveling the output power. Moreover, hydrogen is paid to attention in recent year from viewpoint of exhaustion problem of fossil fuel. Therefore the hydrogen generator (HHOG) is also installed at the wind farm to generate hydrogen. In this paper, the effectiveness of the proposed system is verified by the simulation analyses using PSCAD/EMTDC. Figure 1 shows the model system used for the simulation analyses of the proposed system. The output of the squirrel-cage induction generator, which works as wind generator (50 [MVA] power rating) is smoothed with ECS (20 [MVA] power rating), and hydrogen gas is produced constantly from the hydrogen generator(10 [MVA] power rating). In this paper, to verify the effectiveness of the proposed system, the real wind speed data is used which was obtained Fig. 1. Model system in Hokkaido Island, JAPAN. As rigid conditions, −4 [m/s] and +4 [m/s]of real wind speed was used as Case 1 and Case 2.The simulation result is shown in Fig. 2. In a low wind speed of Fig. 2(a), it is clear that when ECS is used, the line power can be smoothed well. In a high wind speed of Fig. 2(b), since the pitch controller is used to maintain the IG real power at the rated level, the fluctuation of the line power is small. In this case, when ECS is used the line power can be smoothed. In hydrogen generator, it can be confirmed the constant hydrogen generation by constant power consumption as shown in Fig. 2(c). The amount of the hydrogen gas generation is 254 [Nm 3 ] in 600 sec simulation time. From these results, it can be concluded that the proposed system can operate effectively in power systems to generate constant hydrogen as well as generate high quality electrical power from the natural fluctuating wind. (a) Line Power (Case 1 [low wind speed]) (b) Line power (Case 2 [high wind speed]) (c) Amount of hydrogen gas generation Fig. 2. Simulation result -2 -

The relationship between hydrogen and its application in wind energy: A systematic review

“…In the context of recent environmental problems and disasters worldwide, with emphasis on global warming and the depletion of fossil fuels, wind power plants have been increasingly adopted throughout the world for electricity generation, especially because it is more competitive when compared to other renewable energy sources Shishido et al, 2009;Alavi et al, 2016;Mostafaeipour et al, 2016;Fernández-Guillamón et al, 2019). Wind energy production plants can have various configurations and operation patterns, and batteries are not necessarily the best solution for stabilizing the energy output, so other energy storage devices can be useful in this process.…”

“…Wind energy production plants can have various configurations and operation patterns, and batteries are not necessarily the best solution for stabilizing the energy output, so other energy storage devices can be useful in this process. In other words, a proper system design is required according to the operation pattern of wind generators, and these operation patterns will become even more diverse in the future (Shishido et al, 2009;Lee et al, 2010). Clearly, in terms of the problems associated with the instability caused by wind turbines on the power grid, the importance of energy storage systems, particularly hydrogen fuel, has been increasingly significant Alavi et al, 2016;Fernández-Guillamón et al, 2019).…”

“…Hydrogen stands out as a clean energy storage alternative, being efficient and versatile (Sherif et al, 2005). Shishido et al (2009) report that an electrolysis-based hydrogen generator using wind power offers a much cleaner technology than hydrogen extraction by natural gas processing, which is accompanied by carbon dioxide emissions, or hydrogen generation by pyrolysis using nuclear energy. However, for hydrogen to play an important role in the energy sector in the future, at least in the medium and long term, it is necessary to have a capacity to produce hydrogen for energy purposes in an environmentally responsible and economical manner.…”

A Study of Hydrogen Generation with Doubly‐Fed Adjustable Speed Wind Generator

“…Proposals for the combined use of power storage devices in order to stabilize the output of a wind turbine generator and hydrogen generation device have already been made, and their effectiveness has been evaluated [3,4]. In the present proposal, the major feature is the creation of a system that stabilizes output without using an electric power storage by combining adjustable speed operation of the turbine with switching in the electrolyzer blocks.…”

Output power leveling of wind generation system using inertia of wind turbine

“…Because of this problem, various schemes have been reported in recent years. For example, using storage battery, superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) [2], [3] , electric double layer capacitor (EDLC) [4], [5] , aqua electrolyzer with fuel cell [6], [7] , flywheel energy storage system (FESS), and back-up generator. However, high frequency charge and discharges the efficiency of the lead-acid battery thereby shortening its life.…”