Sporotrichosis Treatment: Overview and Update

Abstract

Sporotrichosis, caused by several species from the genus Sporothrix, mainly affects men working in agricultural labor. It is reported mostly from endemic regions located in tropical and subtropical areas. Sporotrichosis usually affects subcutaneous tissue with no symptoms or mild symptoms, but it causes disseminated and even fatal disease if the patient is immunocompromised. Significant progress in the knowledge of etiologic agents of sporotrichosis has been achieved recently, but evaluations of treatment using welldesigned clinical trials have been neglected. This article reviews the drugs currently used to treat subcutaneous disease, describing the differences in their efficacy, and reviews recent findings about the proposed new Sporothrix species of clinical interest, as well as the role of melanin as a virulence factor in Sporothrix schenckii.

Severe Sporotrichosis Treated with Amphotericin B: A 20-Year Cohort Study in an Endemic Area of Zoonotic Transmission

“…Although PLHIV had more severe diseases, their cure rate did not differ from patients without HIV infection. This reinforces the severity of the disease and the limits of AMB in severe sporotrichosis treatment [ 41 ]. One explanation for this limitation is that in vitro studies demonstrated good susceptibility of S. brasiliensis to oral antifungals, such as itraconazole, posaconazole, and terbinafine, in contrast to the moderate efficacy of AMB [ 38 , 40 ].…”

Esporotricose Na Infância: Mimetizando Leishimaniose Com Evolução Favorável Ao Iodeto De Potássio.

“…Na América Latina, o tratamento de escolha para as formas cutâneas da doença é a solução saturada de iodeto de potássio, pela sua eficácia conhecida e custo acessível. 8 Embora haja recomendações internacionais para o itraconazol como primeira linha de tratamento, há evidencia de eficácia semelhante à solução saturada de iodeto de potássio. A solução saturada de iodeto de potássio é mais facilmente administrada e aceite pelas crianças 5 e nesta faixa etária não existem habitualmente contraindicações para a sua utilização.…”

Esporotricosis cutánea linfangítica tratada con yoduro de potasio y criocirugía

“…Sin embargo, en los países de América Latina es ampliamente utilizado el yoduro de potasio (KI) para estas formas cutáneas, formulándolo a una concentración de 1g/mL y se administra a una dosis de 3 a 6 g/día, dividido en tres dosis por tres a cuatro meses aproximadamente, hasta la resolución de las lesiones y mantener de dos a cuatro semanas más; con este esquema se han reportado tasas de curación de 89 a 100%, con un nivel de evidencia II-A. 3,[9][10][11][12][13][14][15] En caso de persistencia de las lesiones o cuando hay contraindicaciones, la criocirugía es una opción, ya que el hongo es sensible a temperaturas extremas. 10 Un estudio sobre el tratamiento de la esporotricosis en humanos que utilizan nitrógeno líquido arrojó buenos resultados.…”