Spore-Forming Lactic Acid-Producing Bacterium Bacillus coagulans Synthesizes and Excretes Spermidine into the Extracellular Space

Abstract

The effect of spermidine in extending healthy longevity has attracted attention. As people age, their ability to synthesize putrescine, the precursor of spermidine, declines, and its supplementation from the diet or gut bacteria is needed. Many bacteria synthesize spermidine, but no strains have been reported to excrete de novo synthesized spermidine from the cells. We found that Bacillus coagulans strain YF1, isolated from "nanohana-duke", excreted de novo synthesized spermidine from the cells under anaerobic conditions. This strain synthesizes spermidine from arginine via agmatine, putrescine, and carboxyspermidine in sequential reactions, and the genes encoding the enzymes responsible for these reactions have been identified. B. coagulans is a gastric acidresistant spore-forming lactic acid-producing bacterium, known for its beneficial effects as a probiotic. It can be used to produce lactic acid fermented foods containing spermidine. The newly discovered ability to excrete de novo synthesized spermidine is the decisive feature of this bacterium.

Multifunctional Probiotic and Safety Attributes Heyndrickxia coagulans Isolated from Stingless Bee Honey

“…As such, Heyndrickxia coagulans is a unique bacterium an attractive probiotic for several reasons because it has unique properties that shares characteristics with both Lactobacillus and Bacillus groups, and was formerly categorized under the Lactobacillaceae family. This is due to the ability to produce acid and the property of the Bacillus that can form endospores (Coelho et al, 2018;Suzuki et al, 2023). Endospore formation allow the bacteria to withstand the harsh environment in the gastrointestinal tract, and lactic acid that inhibits pathogenic bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract.…”

Weizmannia coagulans BCF-01: a novel gastrogenic probiotic for Helicobacter pylori infection control

“… 16 Weizmannia coagulans , a spore-forming probiotic, has garnered considerable research attention owing to its probiotic properties and ability to withstand extreme environmental conditions. 17 , 18 Gut-derived W. coagulans has been reported to modulate immunity and restore intestinal microbiome homeostasis. 19 , 20 However, research surrounding gastric-derived W. coagulans is limited.…”