Spontaneous Ultraviolet Emission from<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow /><mml:mrow><mml:mn>233</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:mrow><mml:mi>Uranium</mml:mi><mml:mi>/</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mrow><mml:mi>T</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mprescripts /><mml:mrow /><mml:mrow><mml:mn>229</mml:mn></mml:mrow><mml:mrow /><mml:mrow /></mml:mmultiscripts></mml:mrow><mml:mi>horium</mml:mi></mml:math>Samples

Shaw, Robert W.; Young, J. P.; Cooper, Stanley P.; Webb, Oren F.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.82.1109

Cited by 62 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…III, the chemical environment can significantly affect the half-life of the isomeric state [3]. It most likely explains why, given the currently accepted value for the isomeric transition energy, that many previous experiments performed in powders, solids and solutions produced null results [52][53][54][55][56]; similarly, non-VUV sensitive measurements could have been affected by internal conversion [57,58]. The internal conversion process could also have strong implications for the experiments reported in Refs.…”

Section: Importance Of the Electronic Conversion Decay Channelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiative lifetime and energy of the low-energy isomeric level inTh229

et al. 2015

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We estimate the range of the radiative lifetime and energy of the anomalous, low-energy 3/2 + (7.8± 0.5 eV) state in the 229 Th nucleus. Our phenomenological calculations are based on the available experimental data for the intensities of M 1 and E2 transitions between excited levels of the 229 Th nucleus in the K π [N nZ Λ] = 5/2 + [633] and 3/2 + [631] rotational bands. We also discuss the influence of certain branching coefficients, which affect the currently accepted measured energy of the isomeric state. From this work, we establish a favored region where the transition lifetime and energy should lie at roughly the 90% confidence level. We also suggest new nuclear physics measurements, which would significantly reduce the ambiguity in the present data.

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Section: Importance Of the Electronic Conversion Decay Channelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiative lifetime and energy of the low-energy isomeric level inTh229

et al. 2015

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“…Their observed value for the isomeric transition were 3.5 eV [159] and likely 4 eV [160], respectively. However, in 1999, the studies of three different groups indicated that these conclusions must be based on the incorrect interpretation of experimental data [161][162][163]. G. M. Irwin and K. H. Kim later 5.1 Introduction of the agreed that their observation might result from the α-particle induced fluorescence of air, actually N 2 , surrounding the sample [161,162,164].…”

Section: Thorium Nucleusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coherent Control of Nuclei and X-Rays

Liao

2014

Springer Theses

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The possibility of mutual control of nuclei and photons offered by the emerging field of nuclear quantum optics is theoretically investigated in three different applications. This extension of quantum optics towards nuclei is motivated by modern X-ray Free Electron Lasers (XFEL) which open the possibility to coherently control nuclear states. As a first application we investigate the coherent population transfer between nuclear states in a three-level system driven by an XFEL. Such a level scheme is relevant for the triggering of isomers and might play a role for future energy storage solutions. The other way around, nuclei offer a platform to control single x-ray photons, which can be focused on spots essentially smaller than a single atom and used in future photonic circuits. The second part of this thesis puts forward a nuclear forward scattering setup that allows coherent control of a single x-ray photon using 57 Fe nuclei. Finally, we show that nuclear quantum optics provides a significant improvement for detection in nuclear physics. The low-lying isomeric transition of 229 Th can be addressed by VUV lasers and provides a potential next generation frequency standard. A main impediment is the large uncertainty of the nuclear transition frequency. Using an electromagnetically modified nuclear forward scattering setup, we show that coherence effects can reduce this uncertainty down to an unprecedented level.Within the framework of this thesis, the following articles were published in refereed journals:

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“…In early experiments, two false detections of the decay of the isomer following α-decay of 233 U were reported [12,13], but it was quickly clarified that the observed light was luminescence induced by the background of α-radiation [14,15]. All further attempts at a direct observation of the optical transition failed.…”

Section: The Low-energy Isomer Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recoil nuclei: The 229 Th isomer is populated with about 2% probability in the α-decay of 233 U and early attempts at an optical detection of the isomer decay have looked for light emission from 233 U sources [12,13], without success because of a strong background of radioluminescence [14,15]. This problem can be mitigated by using 229 Th recoil nuclei: If the α-decay of 233 U occurs close to the surface of the sample, the freshly produced 229 Th may be ejected and can be collected on an absorber (such as CaF 2 or MgF 2 , for instance) placed in front of the 233 U.…”

Section: Experimental Search For the 229 Th Nuclear Transitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nuclear clocks based on resonant excitation of γ-transitions

Peik

Okhapkin²

2015

Comptes Rendus. Physique

111

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We review the ideas and concepts for a clock that is based on a radiative transition in the nucleus rather than in the electron shell. This type of clock offers advantages like an insensitivity against field-induced systematic frequency shifts and the opportunity to obtain high stability from interrogating many nuclei in the solid state. Experimental work concentrates on the low-energy (about 8 eV) isomeric transition in 229 Th. We review the status of the experiments that aim at a direct optical observation of this transition and outline the plans for high-resolution laser spectroscopy experiments.

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Spontaneous Ultraviolet Emission from233Uranium/T229horiumSamples

Cited by 62 publications

References 8 publications

Radiative lifetime and energy of the low-energy isomeric level inTh229

Radiative lifetime and energy of the low-energy isomeric level inTh229

Coherent Control of Nuclei and X-Rays

Nuclear clocks based on resonant excitation of γ-transitions

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