Spin-wave transduction at the submicrometer scale: Experiment and modeling

Vlaminck, Vincent; Bailleul, Matthieu

doi:10.1103/physrevb.81.014425

Cited by 177 publications

(171 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…For example, chiral multiferroics based on the inverse Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya mechanism [2] as an origin of its P is worth trying to search because this mechanism tends to induce large P relative to the spin-dependent metalligand hybridization mechanism in Cu 2 OSeO 3 . Metamaterials, thin films, and synthetic nanomaterials are an-other promising candidate to realize enhanced microwave ME effects through artificially designing large magnetoelectric susceptibilities and intense electromagnon resonances [45][46][47][48][49][50].…”

Section: Fig 2: (Color Online) (A)-(c) In the Presence Of Net Magnementioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave Magnetochiral Effect inCu2OSeO3

Mochizuki

2015

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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We theoretically find that in a multiferroic chiral magnet Cu2OSeO3, resonant magnetic excitations are coupled to collective oscillation of electric polarization, and thereby attain simultaneous activity to ac magnetic field and ac electric field. Because of interference between these magnetic and electric activation processes, this material hosts gigantic magnetochiral dichroism on microwaves, that is, the directional dichroism at gigahertz frequencies in Faraday geometry. The absorption intensity of microwave differs by as much as ∼30% depending on whether its propagation direction is parallel or antiparallel to the external magnetic field.PACS numbers: 76.50.+g,78.20.Ls,78.20.Bh,78.70.Gq Collective excitations of spins in magnets, so-called magnons or spin waves, can be activated not only via a direct process with ac magnetic field H ω coupled to magnetizations but also via an electric excitation by ac electric field E ω coupled to charge degrees of freedom. When the magnon or spin-wave modes have simultaneous activity to the H ω and E ω components of electromagnetic waves, interference between the two activation processes, that is, the magnetically activating and the electrically activating processes, gives rise to peculiar optical and/or microwave phenomena, so-called optical ME effect. One of the most important examples is the directional dichroism, that is, oppositely propagating electromagnetic waves exhibit different absorptions.Multiferroic materials with concurrent magnetic and ferroelectric orders [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] provide an opportunity to realize the electric-dipole active magnons (so-called electromagnons) [9][10][11][12][13], and thus the optical ME effect via the magnetoelectric coupling [14][15][16]. Indeed observations of the directional dichroism have been reported for several multiferroic materials such as Ba 2 CoGe 2 O 7 [17][18][19], RMnO 3 (R =rare-earth ions) [20,21], and CuFe 1−x Ga x O 2 [22], in which nontrivial spin orders induce the ferroelectric polarization via the relativistic spin-orbit interaction. In these materials, the optical ME effect is observed at the electromagnon resonance frequencies in the terahertz (THz) regime.The directional dichroism is observed also at higher frequencies, i.e., x-ray and visible-light regimes in several polar magnets, which is caused by electron transitions among the spin-orbit multiplets [23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. However, observations of the effect at gigahertz (GHz) frequencies are quite limited and the effect observed so far is very tiny whose difference in absorption intensity is only 2.5% at most [32], while the directional dichroism at GHz frequencies is anticipated for application to microwave devices [30]. This is because most of the well-known multiferroic materials based on simple spiral or antiferromagnetic spin structures with short-period modulation tend to have relatively large spin-wave gaps of several meV, which inevitably results in rather high resonance frequencies in THz regime. To achieve the microwave ME effect...

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Section: Fig 2: (Color Online) (A)-(c) In the Presence Of Net Magnementioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave Magnetochiral Effect inCu2OSeO3

Mochizuki

2015

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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“…Longto-short wavelength conversion can be done in magnonic crystals 12 for a geometrically limited discrete set of wavevectors at the expense of high conversion loss. A better conversion efficiency can be obtained by periodically folded coplanar antennas 13,14 but this at the expense of any flexibility in the generated wavevevector. Overall, none of the above methods has so far demonstrated the combination of phase resolution, broad frequency coverage, high sensitivity, and large wavevector (short wavelength) capability.…”

Section: T Devoldermentioning

confidence: 99%

All electrical propagating spin wave spectroscopy with broadband wavevector capability

Ciubotaru

Devolder

Manfrini

et al. 2016

Applied Physics Letters

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We develop an all electrical experiment to perform the broadband phase-resolved spectroscopy of propagating spin waves in micrometer sized thin magnetic stripes. The magnetostatic surface spin waves are excited and detected by scaled down to 125 nm wide inductive antennas, which award ultra broadband wavevector capability. The wavevector selection can be done by applying an excitation frequency above the ferromagnetic resonance. Wavevector demultiplexing is done at the spin wave detector thanks to the rotation of the spin wave phase upon propagation. A simple model accounts for the main features of the apparatus transfer functions. Our approach opens an avenue for the all electrical study of wavevector-dependent spin wave properties including dispersion spectra or non-reciprocal propagation.Spin wave based computing 1 -a paradigm-shifting technology that uses the interference of spin waves-offers potential for significant power and area reduction per computing throughput with respect to complementary metaloxide-semiconductor (CMOS) transistor technology. Efficient solutions for spin wave routing 2,3 , spin wave emission 4 , amplification 1 , and spin wave combination 5,6 have been developed. However, these solutions often rely on materials that are difficult to integrate 7 into a CMOS environment. Moreover, they are often demonstrated only for long wavelength (≥ 1 µm) spin waves, for which the low group velocity limits the speed of computation and communication. Efficient methods to generate and detect spin waves with short wavelengths are still lacking. Inductive methods have commonly been employed for long wavelength spin waves as has Brillouin light scattering spectroscopy 8 , which is however diffraction limited and requires complex procedure to retrieve phase information 9 . Alternative spin wave generation and detection methods based on magneto-elastic coupling in surfaceacoustic wave devices 10 are still under development and raise questions regarding their high frequency capability 11 . Longto-short wavelength conversion can be done in magnonic crystals 12 for a geometrically limited discrete set of wavevectors at the expense of high conversion loss. A better conversion efficiency can be obtained by periodically folded coplanar antennas 13,14 but this at the expense of any flexibility in the generated wavevevector. Overall, none of the above methods has so far demonstrated the combination of phase resolution, broad frequency coverage, high sensitivity, and large wavevector (short wavelength) capability.In this work, we demonstrate that the use of deep submicron inductive antennas can circumvent these limitations and allow for the generation and detection of spin waves with ultra-wide frequency band capability and broad wavevector capability up to 15 − 20 rad/µm. We illustrate our method on micrometer-sized Permalloy stripes and describe its behavior within an analytic framework. Our method complements the advantages of Brillouin Light scattering in a compact all electrical device in which the phase resol...

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“…For bulk single-phase compounds, on the other hand, the direct quantitative evaluation of DMI has rarely been reported. Only recently, the alternative method based on neutron inelastic scattering technique [23] and propagating spin-wave spectroscopy (PSWS) [24][25][26][27][28] has been proposed.Among a series of single-phase compounds hosting magnetic skyrmions, the most promising ones for potential application are chiral-lattice helimagnetic metals FeGe (T c = 280 K) [13,[29][30][31] and Co-Zn-Mn alloys (T c > 400 K) [15,32,33], which are characterized by exceptionally high magnetic ordering temperature T c . In particular, Co-Zn-Mn alloys can host various unique forms of skyrmions, such as triangular and squaric lattice forms as well as highly distorted forms, for a wide compositional range [15,32], and would allow the fine tuning of size and stability of skyrmions with alloy composition.…”

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Spin-wave spectroscopy of the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction in room-temperature chiral magnets hosting skyrmions

et al. 2017

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Propagation character of spin wave was investigated for chiral magnets FeGe and Co-Zn-Mn alloys, which can host magnetic skyrmions near room temperature. On the basis of the frequency shift between counter-propagating spin waves, the magnitude and sign of Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) interaction were directly evaluated. The obtained magnetic parameters quantitatively account for the size and helicity of skyrmions as well as their materials variation, proving that the DM interaction plays a decisive role in the skyrmion formation in this class of room-temperature chiral magnets. The propagating spin-wave spectroscopy can thus be an efficient tool to study DM interaction in bulk single-phase compounds. Our results also demonstrate a function of spin-wave diode based on chiral crystal structures at room temperature.1 Recently, the concept of magnetic skyrmions, i.e. vortex-like swirling spin texture with topologically stable particle nature, has attracted much attention as potential information carriers for novel magnetic information storage and processing devices [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. The skyrmion and associated helical spin texture can be stabilized by several distinctive mechanisms, such as Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) [1,8], frustrated exchange interactions [9,10] or the competition between magnetic dipole-dipole interaction and magnetic anisotropy [11,12].So far, the experimental observation of skyrmions has mainly been reported for a series of noncentrosymmetric ferromagnets, where the sizable contribution of DMI is expected [2,4,[13][14][15]. However, the full understanding for DMI in the metallic system is often more difficult than the case for the insulating system, and recent theories suggest its relevance to quantum Berry phase and band anti-crossing that causes the complicated E F (Fermi energy)-dependence of DMI [16][17][18]. To unambiguously elucidate the microscopic origin of skyrmion formation for each compound, the direct quantitative evaluation of relevant magnetic parameters, in particular the magnitude and sign of DMI, is important.To directly evaluate DMI, one promising approach is the analysis of spin wave dispersion in the ferromagnetic state. It is generally symmetric (i.e. even function) with respect to the wave number k, but can become asymmetric only under the existence of k-linear term originating from DMI that causes the energy shift between ±k [19]. The direct observation of DMI based on this idea has recently been reported for the interface of bilayer films by employing several surface-sensitive methods such as Brillouin light scattering [20,21] and spin-polarized electron energy loss spectroscopy [22]. For bulk single-phase compounds, on the other hand, the direct quantitative evaluation of DMI has rarely been reported. Only recently, the alternative method based on neutron inelastic scattering technique [23] and propagating spin-wave spectroscopy (PSWS) [24][25][26][27][28] has been proposed.Among a series of single-phase compounds hosting magnetic skyrmions, th...

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Spin-wave transduction at the submicrometer scale: Experiment and modeling

Cited by 177 publications

References 34 publications

Microwave Magnetochiral Effect inCu2OSeO3

Microwave Magnetochiral Effect inCu2OSeO3

All electrical propagating spin wave spectroscopy with broadband wavevector capability

Spin-wave spectroscopy of the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction in room-temperature chiral magnets hosting skyrmions

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