Spermicide used alone for contraception

Grimes, David A.; Lopez, Laureen M; Raymond, Elizabeth G.; Halpern, Vera; Nanda, Kavita; Schulz, Kenneth F.

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd005218.pub2

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…More than two-thirds had proven fertility. Published studies of spermicide efficacy show a wide range of pregnancy rates, from 3.8% to as high as 29% (15). The 6-month pregnancy rates of about 12% for each product in the MITT population are consistent with rates seen in studies of nonoxynol-9.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Approximately 50% of participants discontinued before 6 cycles of use, similar to rates reported from previous randomized trials of spermicides. (15, 23) Such high rates may raise concern for external validity (24). However, in our trial, the rate of discontinuation not related to pregnancy was similar to that seen in other studies of spermicide efficacy (15, 16).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(15, 23) Such high rates may raise concern for external validity (24). However, in our trial, the rate of discontinuation not related to pregnancy was similar to that seen in other studies of spermicide efficacy (15, 16). In one study, women who did not complete the spermicide trial were younger or unmarried, and had intercourse less frequently than those who completed the study (23).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Contraceptive Efficacy, Acceptability, and Safety of C31G and Nonoxynol-9 Spermicidal Gels

Burke

Barnhart

Jensen

et al. 2010

Obstetrics &Amp; Gynecology

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Objective To compare contraceptive efficacy, safety, and acceptability of C31G and nonoxynol-9 spermicidal gels. Methods We conducted a multicenter, randomized, double-masked, controlled trial to assess whether a gel containing the spermicide C31G was non-inferior to a commercially available product containing nonoxynol-9. Participants were healthy, sexually active females ages 18–40 years. Measured outcomes included pregnancy rates, continuation rates, adverse events, and acceptability. Sample size was calculated at a 2.5% significance level using a one-sided test, based on assumed 6-month pregnancy probability of 15% in the Conceptrol group. Sample size was sufficient to reject, with 80% power, the null hypothesis that pregnancy probability in the C31G arm would be more than 5% higher. Results Nine-hundred thirty-two women were randomized in the C31G group and 633 in the nonoxynol-9 group. For randomized subjects with at least one episode of coitus (modified intent-to-treat group), six-month pregnancy probabilities were 12.0% (95% confidence interval (CI) 9.3–14.7%) and 12.0% (95%CI 8.7–15.3%) for C31G and nonoxynol-9 respectively. Twelve-month pregnancy probabilities were 13.8% (95%CI 7.6–20%) for C31G and 19.8% (95%CI 10.9–28.7%) for nonoxynol-9. Two serious adverse events were deemed possibly related to study product, and neither occurred the C31G group. Three-fourths of users in either group reported that they liked their assigned study product. Approximately 40% of subjects discontinued prematurely for reasons other than pregnancy, with 11% lost to follow-up. Conclusion C31G demonstrated noninferior contraceptive efficacy compared to nonoxynol-9. Both products were safe and acceptable. C31G may provide another marketable option for women seeking spermicidal contraception.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%