Spermicide used alone for contraception

Grimes, David A.; Lopez, Laureen M; Raymond, Elizabeth G.; Halpern, Vera; Nanda, Kavita; Schulz, Kenneth F.

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd005218.pub3

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…[3][4][5] On the other hand, non-hormonal alternatives such as condoms, modern natural family planning (NFP) methods, non-hormonal IUDs (copper chain, copper/gold coil), and spermicides were also introduced. [6][7][8] The wide range of reversible contraceptives enabled women/couples to choose an appropriate contraceptive that suited their lifestyle and personal requirements allowing them to gain more control over their life and plan a child when desired. Additionally, the use of contraception resulted in a reduced maternal and infant mortality rate [9][10][11] and improved social and economic outcomes for women/couples and their families.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perception and use of reversible contraceptive methods in Germany: A social listening analysis

Balakrishnan¹,

Kroiß²,

Keskes³

et al. 2023

Womens Health (Lond Engl)

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Background: With an increasing array of contraceptives in the market, it is important to understand how users perceive them and how their interests evolve over time. Objectives: In this analysis, we aimed to examine the contraceptive interests of women and couples in Germany using data derived from social media posts. Study Design: Social listening analysis. Methods: Posts from Urbia—a German Internet community—mentioning at least one reversible contraceptive method between April 2006 and April 2021 were carefully selected by searching for a defined set of keywords and phrases. The frequency of mention of each method was studied and their trend over the last 5 years was analyzed. The significance of trends was evaluated using Mann–Kendall test. Additionally, 656 random posts were individually assessed for method transitions and problems associated with specific contraceptives. Results: The contraceptive pill was the most frequently mentioned method of contraception followed by natural family planning methods, condom, hormonal coil, and copper/gold coil. Although general interest in hormonal contraception was higher compared to non-hormonal, interest in the pill decreased and interest in natural family planning and copper/gold coil increased. Most women switched from the pill to non-hormonal methods, almost half of them using a condom. Almost all migrations to natural family planning were from the pill and most migrations to non-hormonal intrauterine devices such as the coil were from hormonal methods. The common problem associated with most contraceptives was side effects. Conclusion: Social media provides valuable information about contraceptive experiences that can be used to monitor contraceptive prevalence patterns and attitudes within a large population in a very short span of time. A good understanding of how various contraceptives are currently perceived helps in identifying strategies for improving existing family planning policies. Plain language summary Currently, there are a variety of contraceptive products available in the market. To understand how users perceive them and how their interest evolves over time, we analyzed social media posts from Urbia, a German Internet platform. We scraped posts between 2016 and 2021 from the “child-desire” and “contraception” forums and analyzed the relative frequency of mentions of different contraceptive methods. We also looked at 1000 individual posts from 1000 different users, analyzed method switches and the problems associated with individual methods of use. The oral pill was the most frequently mentioned method of contraception followed by natural family planning methods, condom, hormonal coil, and copper/gold coil. Over the last 5 years however, the mention of the pill dropped, whereas the mentions of natural family planning and copper or gold coil increased. Further analysis of individual posts showed most women migrating from the pill to other non-hormonal methods such as natural family planning and condom. Almost all migrations to natural family planning were from the pill and most migrations to non-hormonal intrauterine devices such as the coil were from hormonal methods. The most common problem associated with the pill and non-hormonal intrauterine devices was side effects. Through this analysis we show that social media serves as a useful tool to monitor contraceptive prevalence and attitudes within a large population in a very short span of time. Our findings give policy makers an idea on the topics where more counseling and education may be required to help women and couples find their best suited method of contraception.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perception and use of reversible contraceptive methods in Germany: A social listening analysis

Balakrishnan¹,

Kroiß²,

Keskes³

et al. 2023

Womens Health (Lond Engl)

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“…Spermicides include a broad category of microbicides that have specific or non-specific cytotoxicity toward sperm, which can also be categorized as MPTs. Nonoxynol-9 is a nonspecific surfactant spermicide that dissolves the lipid components of spermatozoa cell membranes [173][174][175]. Nonoxynol-9 (2-12%) is delivered through multiple formulations including suppositories, films, gels, and sponges.…”

Section: Spermicidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The efficacy of N9 heavily depends on the formulation and method of delivery [174]. The use of spermicides without other barrier methods have failure rates of 18% or 28% for perfect and typical use, respectively [175]. In women aged 15-49 in the USA who are currently using contraception, 0.2% use "other" methods that include spermicides [43].…”

Section: Spermicidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reversible female contraceptives: historical, current, and future perspectives

Barton,

Erickson,

Allred

et al. 2023

Biology of Reproduction

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Contraception is a practice with extensive and complicated social and scientific histories. From cycle tracking, to the very first prescription contraceptive pill, to now having over-the-counter contraceptives on demand, family planning is an aspect of healthcare that has undergone and will continue to undergo several transformations through time. This review provides a comprehensive overview of current reversible hormonal and non-hormonal birth control methods as well as their mechanism of action, safety, and effectiveness specifically for individuals who can become pregnant. Additionally, we discuss the latest Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved hormonal method containing estetrol and drospirenone that has not yet been used worldwide as well as the first FDA-approved hormonal over-the-counter progestin-only pills. We also review available data on novel hormonal delivery through microchip, microneedle, and the latest FDA-approved non-hormonal methods such as vaginal pH regulators. Finally, this review will assist in advancing female contraceptive method development by underlining constructive directions for future pursuits. Information was gathered from the NCBI and Google Scholars databases using English and included publications from 1900 to present. Search terms included contraceptive names as well as efficacy, safety, and mechanism of action. In summary, we suggest that investigators consider the side effects and acceptability together with the efficacy of contraceptive candidate towards their development.

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“…Los productos espermicidas se consiguen en diferentes presentaciones como espumas, geles, cremas, películas, esponjas y supositorios (Bosarge, 2007;Grimes et al, 2005) además se debe aclarar que, como cualquier otro método de barrera, su efectividad depende de la habilidad que se tenga para utilizarlos y de la responsabilidad al manejarlos (Shoupe, 2006).…”

Section: Uso De Los Espermicidas Actualesunclassified

“…Los agentes químicos de los cuales están constituidos los espermicidas usualmente son surfactantes entre los que se encuentran el octoxinol, el menfegol, el cloruro de benzalconio, y más comúnmente el Nonoxinol-9 (N-9) 6,9,12,15,18,21,24-octaoxahexacosano-1-ol], (Chantler et al, 1992). Estos agentes actúan disolviendo los componentes lipídicos de la membrana de los espermatozoides causando su muerte o inmovilización (Grimes et al, 2005).…”

Section: Uso De Los Espermicidas Actualesunclassified

Espermicidas: Una alternativa de anticoncepción para considerar

Uribe-Clavijo

Ospina-Medina

Álvarez-Gomez

et al. 2012

TecnoL.

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El objetivo de éste artículo fue realizar una revisión bibliográfica que permitiera referir algunos datos históricos, generalidades, uso, ventajas y desventajas sobre los espermicidas. Mediante el uso de diferentes bases de datos biomédicas, utilizando los términos Anticoncepción, Espermato-zoide, Espermicidas, Nonoxinol-9, Microbicida y Productos naturales se realizó una revisión de la literatura y para esto, se seleccionaron diferen-tes artículos científicos, documentos y manuales que permitieron la reali-zación del presente manuscrito, encontrando que desde hace muchos años la anticoncepción ha sido un tema de gran interés en el mundo tratando aspectos como el control de la natalidad y algunas infecciones de transmi-sión sexual. Con el tiempo se han desarrollado métodos anticonceptivos, entre ellos los espermicidas de origen sintético, que cuentan con una multiplicidad de ventajas y desventajas. Sin embargo, diferentes organi-zaciones han planteado la necesidad de buscar nuevos compuestos activos con propiedades espermicidas y microbicidas, que presenten mínimos efectos secundarios; entre estos nuevos compuestos, se destacan en el presente artículo aquellos espermicidas derivados de productos naturales.

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Spermicide used alone for contraception

Cited by 15 publications

References 19 publications

Perception and use of reversible contraceptive methods in Germany: A social listening analysis

Perception and use of reversible contraceptive methods in Germany: A social listening analysis

Reversible female contraceptives: historical, current, and future perspectives

Espermicidas: Una alternativa de anticoncepción para considerar

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