Sperm guidance in mammals — an unpaved road to the egg

Eisenbach, Michael; Giojalas, Laura Cecilia

doi:10.1038/nrm1893

Cited by 437 publications

(516 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…ERK and p38 may have opposing effects on the phosphorylation of axonemal proteins such as the dyneins. Hence, ERK and p38 may be involved in sperm chemotaxis (2), as a molecular mechanism navigating the sperm to the egg. Further studies are required to examine this proposal.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Extracellular Signal-regulated Kinase 1/2 and p38 MAPK as Regulators of Human Sperm Motility and Acrosome Reaction and as Predictors of Poor Spermatozoan Quality

Almog

Lazar

Reiss

et al. 2008

Journal of Biological Chemistry

105

123

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Mature spermatozoa acquire progressive motility only after ejaculation. Their journey in the female reproductive tract also includes suppression of progressive motility, reactivation, capacitation, and hyperactivation of motility (whiplash), the mechanisms of which are obscure. MAPKs are key regulatory enzymes in cell signaling, participating in diverse cellular functions such as growth, differentiation, stress, and apoptosis. Here we report that ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK are primarily localized to the tail of mature human spermatozoa. Surprisingly, c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1/2, which is thought to be ubiquitously expressed, could not be detected in mature human spermatozoa. ERK1/2 stimulation is downstream to protein kinase C (PKC) activation, which is also present in the human sperm tail (PKC␤I and PKC⑀). ERK1/2 stimulates and p38 inhibits forward and hyperactivated motility, respectively. Both ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK are involved in the acrosome reaction. Using a proteomic approach, we identified ARHGAP6, a RhoGAP, as an ERK substrate in PMA-stimulated human spermatozoa. Inverse correlation was obtained between the relative expression level of ERK1 or the relative activation level of p38 and sperm motility, forward progression motility, sperm morphology, and viability. Therefore, increased expression of ERK1 and activated p38 can predict poor human sperm quality.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Extracellular Signal-regulated Kinase 1/2 and p38 MAPK as Regulators of Human Sperm Motility and Acrosome Reaction and as Predictors of Poor Spermatozoan Quality

Almog

Lazar

Reiss

et al. 2008

Journal of Biological Chemistry

105

123

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This phenomenon is called sperm chemotaxis, which may transport spermatozoa to the egg's vicinity. 4,5 Very low doses of progesterone (a steroid secreted by the cells surrounding the oocyte) attract capacitated human spermatozoa. 6,7 By combining the ability of chemotaxis to select good spermatozoa with the use of progesterone as an attractant molecule, a new sperm selection assay (SSA) was recently developed.…”

Section: Can a Spermatozoon At Optimum Functional State Be Selected?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At any given time, even a good sample has a small subpopulation of spermatozoa at an optimum functional state. 4 Depending on the initial level of capacitated sperm, SSA increases two to four times the amount of the best spermatozoa the sample has (in some extreme cases, it is raised up to 11 times). Despite this notable efficiency, SSA cannot provide a pure population of good spermatozoa.…”

Section: Is Translational Medicine Also Possible For Ssa?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Infertility treatment, a matter of a lovely sperm?

Giojalas¹

2013

Asian J Androl

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“…Mammalian spermatozoa also show chemotactic behavior, and many candidate chemoattractants for spermatozoa have been proposed (Eisenbach and Giojalas 2006 ). Recently, progesterone released from the cumulus oophorus was considered as a candidate of sperm attractant for human sperm (Guidobaldi et al 2008 ).…”

Section: Chemical Nature Of Sperm Chemoattractantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sperm Chemotaxis: The First Authentication Events Between Conspecific Gametes Before Fertilization

Yoshida¹

2014

Sexual Reproduction in Animals and Plants

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Sperm chemotaxis toward eggs before fertilization has been observed in many living organisms. Sperm chemotaxis is the fi rst communication or signaling event between male and female gametes in the process of fertilization, and speciesspecifi c events occur in many cases. Thus, sperm chemotaxis may act as a safety process for authenticating that fertilization occurs between conspecifi c egg and sperm and helps to prevent crossbreeding. Here, we introduce mechanisms of sperm chemotaxis, focusing on cross-talk between gametes and species specifi city. Furthermore, we discuss the interactions between sperm-activating and spermattracting factors (SAAFs) in the ascidian species and that SAAF receptors on sperm cells are not all-or-none responses. The SAAF receptors may accept SAAFs of related species (closely related molecules), with different affi nities.

show abstract

Sperm guidance in mammals — an unpaved road to the egg

Cited by 437 publications

References 87 publications

Identification of Extracellular Signal-regulated Kinase 1/2 and p38 MAPK as Regulators of Human Sperm Motility and Acrosome Reaction and as Predictors of Poor Spermatozoan Quality

Identification of Extracellular Signal-regulated Kinase 1/2 and p38 MAPK as Regulators of Human Sperm Motility and Acrosome Reaction and as Predictors of Poor Spermatozoan Quality

Infertility treatment, a matter of a lovely sperm?

Sperm Chemotaxis: The First Authentication Events Between Conspecific Gametes Before Fertilization

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