“…2d), the electronic transitions take place from the ground state 4 I15/2 to the following energy levels: 4 G11/2 (364, 378 nm), 2 G9/2, 2 H9/2, 4 F9/2 (406 nm), 4 F5/2 (450 nm), 4 F7/2 (488 nm), 2 H11/2 (520 nm), 4 S3/2 (544 nm), 4 F9/2 (650 nm), 4 I9/2 (798 nm), 4 I11/2 (978 nm), and 4 I13/2 (1534 nm) [18,19]. The only absorption band (978 nm) of Yb 3+ ions corresponds to the transition 2 F7/2 → 2 F5/2 [43,44] (Fig. 2d).…”