Spectro-temporal analysis of complex tones: two cortical processes dependent on retention of sounds in the long auditory store

Jones, Stephen J.; Pato, Maria Vaz; Sprague, L

doi:10.1016/s1388-2457(00)00360-6

Cited by 26 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Due to interference from ERP activity around the offset of the pause interval in the unphrased condition (possibly caused by some auditory processing related to the pausefilling notes), an exact quantification of this effect is not possible. It might, however, be related to the refractoriness mechanism of the neural system (Budd et al, 1998;Jones et al, 2000). In the time range between 100 and 450 ms, the ERP did not only react to the phrase boundary, but it was also affected by the different musical styles and the cultural backgrounds of the subjects.…”

Section: Early Effects Of Phrasingmentioning

confidence: 93%

The perception of musical phrase structure: A cross-cultural ERP study

2006

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Electroencephalography (EEG) was used in a cross-cultural music study investigating phrase boundary perception. Chinese and German musicians performed a cultural categorization task under Chinese and Western music listening conditions. Western music was the major subject for both groups of musicians, while Chinese music was familiar to Chinese subjects only. By manipulating the presence of pauses between two phrases in the biphrasal melodies, EEG correlates for the perception of phrase boundaries were found in both groups under both music listening conditions. Between 450 and 600 ms, the music CPS (closure positive shift), which had been found in earlier studies with a false tone detection task, was replicated for the more global categorization task and for all combinations of subject group and musical style. At short latencies (100 and 450 ms post phrase boundary offset), EEG correlates varied as a function of musical styles and subject group. Both bottom-up (style properties of the music) and top-down (acculturation of the subjects) information interacted during this early processing stage. IntroductionMusic is a culturally specific phenomenon, which is certainly determined by ethnic background, social environment and traditions. However, the question to what extent the ability to understand and appreciate music is culturally dependent is still controversial. Ethnomusicologists usually assume that extensive experience of music within its cultural context is essential for its basic structural principles to be understood (Blacking, 1973). Lynch and Eilers (1992) explored musical tuning perception in infancy and adulthood and found that adult's perception of musical tuning was culturally specific, and infants between 6 and 12 months of age started to show the same culturally specific performance as adults did. In the same line, Drake and El Heni (2003) proved that acculturation, i.e., the passive exposure to a particular type of music since birth, influenced the perception and cognition of music. On the other hand, some psychological studies have proved the existence of universal, not culturally dependent, aspects of music perception (Castellano et al., 1984;Krumhansl, 1995Krumhansl, , 2000. Drake and Bertrand (2001) reviewed a number of rhythm perception and production studies and concluded that some aspects of temporal processing in music might be universal, in the sense that they function in a similar manner irrespective of an individual's cultural exposure and experience. Likewise, in a study of the cross-cultural emotion perception in music,

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Section: Early Effects Of Phrasingmentioning

confidence: 93%

The perception of musical phrase structure: A cross-cultural ERP study

2006

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“…Our own studies of auditory evoked potentials (AEPs) to complex harmonic tones have shown that different events give rise to N1/P2 complexes with different scalp distributions (Jones et al, 1998(Jones et al, , 2000. The ''change-type'' N1/P2 complex (termed ''C-potentials'') peaking at 100-200 ms following an abrupt redistribution of spectral energy is maximal in the fronto-central region, and is believed to be concerned with a process of ''spectral profile analysis'' (Jones and Perez, 2001).…”

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confidence: 99%

Cortical processing of quasi-periodic versus random noise sounds

Jones¹

2006

Hearing Research

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“…7 The chief distinction between the long auditory store and verbal working memory is that in the former sounds are represented in a precategorical state, effectively as an acoustic image. It is arguable, however, that verbal working memory may depend to some degree on the "rehearsal" of material through precategorical levels of acoustic storage.From our previous studies of long latency AEPs to complex harmonic tones (synthesised musical instrument sounds) [8][9][10] we have distinguished at least two neuronal populations of the supratemporal cortex, responsive to different types of change in the spectrotemporal structure of the sound. A negative potential peaking at approximately 90 ms and a positivity at 160 ms are produced by sudden, infrequently occurring changes in the distribution of energy across the audible frequency spectrum.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…From our previous studies of long latency AEPs to complex harmonic tones (synthesised musical instrument sounds) [8][9][10] we have distinguished at least two neuronal populations of the supratemporal cortex, responsive to different types of change in the spectrotemporal structure of the sound. A negative potential peaking at approximately 90 ms and a positivity at 160 ms are produced by sudden, infrequently occurring changes in the distribution of energy across the audible frequency spectrum.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The amplitudes of the CN1 and the MN1 were found to depend to comparable degrees on the time for which the preceding sound pattern (steady for the CN1, rapidly changing for the MN1) had been present, increasing with the duration of the sound for at least 4.5 seconds. 9 This suggested that responses of maximal amplitude may be generated by the appropriate change when the long auditory store is "full" with a particular sound pattern.…”

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Electrophysiological evidence for a defect in the processing of temporal sound patterns in multiple sclerosis

Jones

Sprague²,

Pato³

2002

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery &Amp; Psychiatry

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Objectives: To assess the processing of spectrotemporal sound patterns in multiple sclerosis by using auditory evoked potentials (AEPs) to complex harmonic tones. Methods: 22 patients with definite multiple sclerosis but mild disability and no auditory complaints were compared with 15 normal controls. Short latency AEPs were recorded using standard methods. Long latency AEPs were recorded to synthesised musical instrument tones, at onset every two seconds, at abrupt frequency changes every two seconds, and at the end of a two second period of 16/s frequency changes. The subjects were inattentive but awake, reading irrelevant material. Results: Short latency AEPs were abnormal in only 4 of 22 patients, whereas long latency AEPs were abnormal to one or more stimuli in 17 of 22. No significant latency prolongation was seen in response to onset and infrequent frequency changes (P1, N1, P2) but the potentials at the end of 16/s frequency modulations, particularly the P2 peaking approximately 200 ms after the next expected change, were significantly delayed. Conclusion:The delayed responses appear to be a mild disorder in the processing of change in temporal sound patterns. The delay may be conceived of as extra time taken to compare the incoming sound with the contents of a temporally ordered sensory memory store (the long auditory store or echoic memory), which generates a response when the next expected frequency change fails to occur. The defect cannot be ascribed to lesions of the afferent pathways and so may be due to disseminated brain lesions visible or invisible on magnetic resonance imaging.A large proportion of patients with established multiple sclerosis (MS) have lesions of central auditory pathways, which can be shown by using short latency auditory evoked potentials (AEPs).1 Abnormalities are also often observed in long latency event related potentials (ERPs). These, however, cannot usually be ascribed to afferent pathway lesions but presumably to localised or diffuse lesions within the brain.2 Most patients in the advanced stages of MS exhibit some degree of cognitive impairment.3 Minor cognitive deficits have also been noted in the early stages, for example, in the performance of verbal memory and abstract reasoning tasks. 4 In a group of mildly affected MS patients whose clinical symptoms were entirely attributable to disease of the spinal cord, the P3 component of the ERP was yet found to be significantly altered as compared with control subjects during performance of auditory and visual working memory tasks. 5 An earlier ERP component reflecting short term memory processes is the mismatch negativity. 6 This potential is elicited automatically (that is, not requiring the conscious attention of the subject) by discrete sounds that differ in some respect from the preceding sequence of sounds. The mismatch negativity appears to depend on retention of the sounds in a sensory memory store, the long auditory store or echoic memory, which decays over a period of a few seconds. 7 The chief distinction betwe...

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Spectro-temporal analysis of complex tones: two cortical processes dependent on retention of sounds in the long auditory store

Cited by 26 publications

References 35 publications

The perception of musical phrase structure: A cross-cultural ERP study

The perception of musical phrase structure: A cross-cultural ERP study

Cortical processing of quasi-periodic versus random noise sounds

Electrophysiological evidence for a defect in the processing of temporal sound patterns in multiple sclerosis

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